Fluorination process and reactor
The invention relates to a process to prepare tetrahalopropenes, such as 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (1233xf). The process comprises atomizing a feed material, such as 1,1,2,3-tetrachloropropene (1230xa) and the like, and mixing it with superheated HF to form a vaporized composition of feed material and HF with substantially instantaneous contact with a vapor phase fluorination catalyst. The invention extends catalyst life and forestalls catalyst deactivation.
1. A process to prepare a tetrahalopropene comprising:
a) providing a reactor apparatus having a catalyst bed within a reaction chamber, and a heating chamber disposed on the reaction chamber, the heating chamber comprising a mixing area in fluid communication with said reaction chamber;
b) supplying superheated HF and an atomized feed material selected from the group consisting of chlorocarbons, mixed chlorocarbons, and combinations thereof, to the mixing area under conditions effective to form a vaporized composition comprising the feed material and the HF, wherein the feed material is atomized by passing it through a nozzle, the nozzle located proximate to the catalyst bed; and
c) contacting the vaporized composition with the catalyst bed under conditions effective to form the tetrahalopropene, wherein the contacting occurs substantially instantaneously with the formation of the vaporized composition.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein the HF and feed material composition has a residence time in the heating chamber of no greater than about 1 sec.
3. The process of claim 1 wherein the tetrahalopropene is 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (1233xf).
4. The process of claim 1 wherein the feed material is selected from the group consisting of 1,1,2,3-tetrachloropropene (1230xa), 1,1,1,2,3-pentachloropropane (HCC-240db), 2,3,3,3-tetrachloropropene (1230xf), and combinations thereof.
5. A process to prepare 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (1233xf) comprising:
a) mixing superheated HF and atomized feed material selected from the group consisting of 1,1,2,3-tetrachloropropene (1230xa), 2,3,3,3-tetrachloropropene (1230xf), 1,1,1,2,3-pentachloropropane (HCC-240db), and combinations thereof, under conditions effective to form a vaporized composition comprising the feed material and the HE and
b) contacting the vaporized composition with a catalyst under conditions to form 1233xf, the contacting occurring substantially instantaneously with the formation of the vaporized composition, wherein the feed material is atomized proximate the catalyst.