Thermoelectric Module with Flexible Connector
A thermoelectric power generating module incorporates compliance into the module using a three-dimensional flexible connector. The flexible connector may relieve thermal stress and improve reliability for thermoelectric modules. In addition, the connector may provide a buffer layer (e.g., cushion) to damp mechanical vibrations. In further embodiments, a thermal interface structure for a thermoelectric device includes a thermally conductive body comprising a first compliant surface for directly interfacing with a first component of the thermoelectric device and a second compliant surface, opposite the first surface, for directly interfacing with a second component of the thermoelectric device.
1 . A thermoelectric power generator module, comprising:
a plurality of thermoelectric elements, each comprising a first side adapted to be at a first temperature and a second side adapted to be at a second temperature different than the first temperature when the module is in use; and
a flexible connector that electrically connects the first sides of at least two thermoelectric elements.
2 . The thermoelectric power generator module of claim 1 , wherein the flexible connector is adapted to provide thermal strain relief and vibration damping to the thermoelectric elements.
3 . The thermoelectric power generator module of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of thermoelectric elements comprises a thermoelectric leg.
4 . The thermoelectric power generator module of claim 3 , wherein the flexible connector comprises an electrically and thermally conductive material.
5 . The thermoelectric power generator module of claim 4 , wherein the flexible connector comprises a mesh, a felt or a foam.
6 . The thermoelectric power generator module of claim 4 , wherein the flexible connector comprises a plurality of wires extending between a connector base and an end of the thermoelectric leg.
7 . The thermoelectric power generator module of claim 4 , wherein the flexible connector comprises at least one angled connector element that extends from a first end secured to a connector base to a second end that is thermally and electrically coupled to an end of the thermoelectric leg.
8 . The thermoelectric power generator module of claim 4 , wherein the flexible connector comprises at least one curved connector member secured to a connector base and thermally and electrically coupled to an end of the thermoelectric leg.
9 . The thermoelectric power generator module of claim 8 , wherein the at least one curved connector member comprises at least one hollow shell.
10 . The thermoelectric power generator module of claim 9 , wherein the at least one hollow shell comprises one hollow shell supporting a respective one of the plurality of thermoelectric elements.
11 . The thermoelectric power generator module of claim 9 , wherein the at least one hollow shell comprises a plurality of hollow shells supporting one of the plurality of thermoelectric elements.
12 . The thermoelectric power generator of claim 4 , wherein the flexible connector comprises a bent portion that provides an elastically deformable region that allows a pair of the thermoelectric legs to be displaced relative to one another while maintaining a thermal and electrical connection between the thermoelectric legs.
13 . A flexible connector for a thermoelectric power generator module that is configured to electrically couple at least two thermoelectric elements so as to provide strain relief and vibration damping during operation of the module.
14 . A method of fabricating a thermoelectric power generator module, comprising:
connecting a first thermoelectric element to a flexible connector, and
connecting a second thermoelectric element to the flexible connector to electrically connect the first and second thermoelectric elements.
15 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the flexible connector provides thermal strain relief and vibration damping to the thermoelectric elements.
16 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the first thermoelectric element comprises a thermoelectric leg of a first conductivity type and the second thermoelectric element comprises a thermoelectric leg of a second conductivity type.
17 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the flexible connector comprises an electrically and thermally conductive material.
18 . The method of claim 17 , wherein the flexible connector comprises at least one deformable region that allows the first thermoelectric element to be displaced relative to the second thermoelectric element while maintaining a thermal and electrical connection between the flexible connector and the first and second thermoelectric elements.