MODIFIED SURFACE ENERGY NON-WOVEN FILTER ELEMENT
A non-woven low surface energy filter element designed to have improved removal of a dispersed liquid phase from a continuous liquid phase is disclosed.
1 . A low surface energy filter element comprising a synthetic non-woven media comprising at least one hydrophobic layer, the at least one hydrophobic layer has a water contact angle of greater than 120° when the media is immersed in Jet-A fuel.
2 . A low surface energy filter element according to claim 1 wherein the hydrophobic layer is superhydrophic.
3 . A low surface energy filter element according to claim 1 wherein the non-woven media is multi-layered.
4 . A low surface energy filter element according to claim 1 wherein the hydrophobic layer is made from nanofiber having an average diameter of less than 800 nanometers.
5 . A low surface energy filter element according to claim 4 wherein the nanofiber is selected from the group consisting of a nylon, a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), a polyurethane (PU), a polyacrylonitrile (PAN), a cellulose Tri Acetate (CTA), a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), a poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropene) (PVDF-HFP), a poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) (PFMOP) and a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
6 . A low surface energy filter element according to claim 4 wherein the nanofiber is coated with fluoropolymer.
7 . A low surface energy filter element according to claim 6 wherein the nanofiber is a nylon.
8 . A low surface energy filter element according to claim 1 wherein the non-woven media comprises two hydrophobic layers.
9 . A low surface energy filter element according to claim 8 wherein the two hydrophobic layers are a fluorocarbon coated thermoplastic resin and a fluoropolymer non-woven media.
10 . A low surface energy filter element according to claim 9 wherein the fluoropolymer non-woven media is selected from the group consisting of ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride.
11 . A low surface energy filter element according to claim 10 wherein the two hydrophobic layers are bonded to each other to form a helical wound tube.
12 . A low surface energy filter element according to claim 11 wherein the polyethylene terephthalate never reaches the outside surface of the helical wound tube.
13 . A low surface energy filter element according to claim 1 wherein the non-woven media comprises a first hydrophobic layer and a second hydrophobic layer; the first hydrophobic layer spirally wound upon itself in multiple overlapping layers to form a band of a selected radial thickness.
14 . A low surface energy filter element according to claim 13 wherein the second hydrophobic layer is an interlaying layer being disposed in a spirally wound manner, so as to provide adjacently overlapping layers within the band formed by the first hydrophobic layer.
15 . A low surface energy filter element according to claim 14 wherein the first hydrophobic layer is a thermoplastic resin.
16 . A low surface energy filter element according to claim 15 wherein the second hydrophobic layer is selected from the group consisting of ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene, PVDF, polystyrene, plasma coated PEM and plasma coated nanofiber.
17 . A low surface energy filter element according to claim 10 wherein the thermoplastic resin is selected from the group consisting of polyester and polypropylene.
18 . A low surface energy filter element according to claim 17 wherein the thermoplastic resin is a polyester.
19 . A low surface energy filter element according to claim 18 wherein the polyester is polyethylene terephthalate.
20 . A low surface energy filter element according to claim 16 wherein the thermoplastic resin is selected from the group consisting of polyester and polypropylene.
21 . A low surface energy filter element according to claim 20 wherein the thermoplastic resin is a polyester.
22 . A low surface energy filter element according to claim 21 wherein the polyester is polyethylene terephthalate.
23 . The low surface energy filter element of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic layer has an average pore size of between 30 and 180 micron excluding nanofibers if carried by the hydrophobic layer.
24 . The low surface energy filter element of claim 23 , wherein the minimum pore size is about 15 micron.
25 . The low surface energy filter element of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic layer has an average pore size of between 0.50 and 1.00 micron.
26 . The low surface energy filter element of claim 25 , wherein the hydrophobic layer has a minimum pore size of about 0.25 micron and a maximum pore size of about 1.50 micron.
27 . The low surface energy filter element of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobic layer comprises fibers with terminating ends of at least some of the fibers freely projecting generally in a cantilever manner from the upstream surface of the media, which when stretched straight measure greater than 3 millimeters.
28 . A method of filtering using the low surface energy filter element of claim 1 , comprising:
arranging the low surface energy filter element in a continuous phase liquid comprising a hydrocarbon liquid stream; separating a dispersed liquid phase comprising water from the hydrocarbon liquid stream with the low surface energy filter element.
29 . The method of claim 28 , wherein the hydrocarbon liquid stream is a fuel.
30 . The filter element of claim 1 , wherein the non-woven media has a total thickness of at least ¼ inch.
31 . The filter element of claim 1 , wherein the non-woven media has a total thickness of at least ½ inch.