Process for producing (R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to processes for the production of (R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybyrate. Poly (R)-3-hydroxybyrate is transesterified with an alcohol, to form a first ester portion and a second ester portion. The first ester portion is reduced to the diol to form a diol portion and the diol portion is reacted with the second ester portion to produce (R)-3-hydroxybutyl (R)-3-hydroxybyrate.
1. A process for the production of (R)-3-hydroxybutyl-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate from a single starting material feedstock of poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate, comprising:
(i) contacting the poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate with an alcohol to transesterify the poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate under transesterification conditions to produce an ester of (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate and the alcohol, wherein the transesterification is carried out between 1 hour and 30 hours;
(ii) separating the product of step i) into a first and second portion and reducing the first portion in a solvent using a ketoreductase or an alcohol dehydrogenase to form (R)-1,3-butanediol; and
(iii) contacting under enzyme-catalyzed transesterification conditions the (R)-1,3-butanediol from step ii) with the second portion of the transesterified ester to produce (R)-3-hydroxybutyl-(R)-hydroxybutanoate, wherein the enzyme-catalyzed transesterification is carried out between 1 hour and 20 hours.
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate is obtained from corn starch or sugar cane.
3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate is transesterified in step (i) using ethanol.
4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the weight ratio of alcohol to poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate is from 1:1 to 10:1.
5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the step (i) is carried out in acidic conditions.
6. The process according to claim 1 wherein the product of step (i) is treated to neutralize the acid and remove the alcohol by distillation.
7. The process according to claim 6 wherein the distillation is carried out at a temperature of 110° C. to 150° C.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein prior to contacting in step (i), the process comprises fermenting a single starting material feedstock to produce the poly-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate, wherein the feedstock is corn starch or sugar cane.
9. The process of claim 8 , wherein the feedstock is corn starch.
10. The process of claim 8 , wherein the feedstock is sugar cane.
11. The process of claim 8 , wherein the fermenting comprises using at least one microorganism.
12. The process of claim 1 , wherein the reaction mixture of step (i) comprises an acid catalyst.
13. The process of claim 1 , wherein the enzyme-catalyzed transesterification in step (iii) is carried out in the presence of lipase.