Electrical machine having cooling features
An electrical machine has passages in the rotor. The passages have an inlet port and an exit port disposed at different locations. The passages remove heat from the electrical machine during operation. Another embodiment is an electrical machine rotor. The rotor has passages that remove heat from an electrical machine during operation. Other embodiments include apparatuses, systems, devices, hardware, methods, and combinations for electrical machines and the cooling of electrical machine rotors and/or stators.
1. An electrical machine rotor, comprising:
a rotor for electromagnetic cooperation with a stator of an electrical machine and structured to rotate about an axis of rotation, the electrical machine including a casing extending between opposite first and second end plates, the casing configured to house the stator and the rotor along with a shaft extending from the rotor and a bearing structured to radially support the shaft and the rotor, wherein the rotor extends along the axis of rotation and includes a first cooling passage extending therethrough and having a first cooling fluid inlet port disposed at a first axial location along the axis of rotation at or adjacent a first end face of the rotor, the first cooling passage also having a first cooling fluid discharge port in fluid communication with the first cooling fluid inlet port and disposed radially outward of the first cooling fluid inlet port at a second axial location at or adjacent a second end face of the rotor opposite the first end face, the second axial location being spaced apart from the first axial location in a first axial direction along the axis of rotation, wherein the first cooling passage removes heat from the rotor during rotation of the rotor, wherein the rotor includes a second cooling passage extending therethrough and having a second cooling fluid inlet port disposed at a third axial location along the axis of rotation at or adjacent the second end face of the rotor, the second cooling passage also having a second cooling fluid discharge port in fluid communication with the second cooling fluid inlet port and disposed radially outward of the second cooling fluid inlet port at a fourth axial location at or adjacent the first end face of the rotor, the fourth axial location being spaced apart from the third axial location in a second axial direction along the axis of rotation that is opposite the first axial direction, wherein the second cooling passage removes heat from the rotor during rotation of the rotor,
the inlet ports at each of the first and second end faces being in communication with respective inlets through the casing with respective first and second cooling fluid supply passages in communication with respective ones of the inlet ports at respective ones of the first and second end faces, the first and second cooling fluid supply passages being defined between the rotor, the shaft, a respective one of first and second flow guides extending from the respective ones of the first and second end faces and the respective one of the first and second end plates, and the discharge ports at each of the first and second end faces being in communication with respective outlets through the casing with respective first and second cooling fluid exhaust passages in communication with respective ones of the discharge ports at respective ones of the first and second end faces, the first and second cooling fluid exhaust passages being defined outside the motor between the rotor, the stator, and the respective one of the first and second flow guides.
2. The electrical machine rotor of claim 1 , wherein the first cooling passage extends linearly between the first cooling fluid inlet port and the first cooling fluid discharge port.
3. The electrical machine rotor of claim 1 , further comprising a rotating and/or stationary guide vane disposed adjacent to the first cooling fluid inlet port, wherein the guide vane is configured to increase fluid pressure at the first cooling fluid inlet port.
4. The electrical machine rotor of claim 1 , further comprising a rotating and/or stationary guide vane disposed adjacent to the first cooling fluid discharge port wherein the guide vane is configured to decrease fluid pressure at the first cooling fluid discharge port.
5. The electrical machine rotor of claim 1 , wherein the first and fourth axial positions are substantially the same axial position, and wherein the second and third axial positions are substantially the same axial position.
6. The electrical machine rotor of claim 1 , wherein the first cooling fluid inlet port and the second cooling fluid discharge port are each disposed at the first end face; and wherein the second cooling fluid inlet port and the first cooling fluid discharge port are each disposed at the second end face.
7. The electrical machine rotor of claim 1 , wherein the first cooling fluid inlet port and the first cooling fluid discharge port are disposed at different circumferential positions; and wherein the second cooling fluid inlet port and the second cooling fluid discharge port are disposed at different circumferential positions.
8. The electrical machine rotor of claim 1 , wherein the rotor is an induction machine rotor or a synchronous machine rotor.
9. An electrical machine, comprising:
a stator;
a rotor in electromagnetic cooperation with the stator;
a shaft extending from the rotor;
a bearing structured to radially support the shaft and the rotor;
a casing extending between opposite first and second end plates, the casing configured to house the stator, the rotor, the shaft, and the bearing; and
wherein the shaft is structured to support the rotor and to rotate about an axis of rotation; wherein the rotor extends along the axis of rotation and includes a first cooling passage extending therethrough and having a first cooling fluid inlet port disposed at a first axial location along the axis of rotation at or adjacent a first end face of the rotor, the first cooling passage also having a first cooling fluid discharge port in fluid communication with the first cooling fluid inlet port and disposed radially outward of the first cooling fluid inlet port at a second axial location at or adjacent a second end face of the rotor opposite the first end face, the second axial location being spaced apart from the first axial location in a first axial direction along the axis of rotation, wherein the first cooling passage removes heat from the rotor during rotation of the rotor, wherein the rotor includes a second cooling passage extending therethrough and having a second cooling fluid inlet port disposed at a third axial location along the axis of rotation at or adjacent the second end face of the rotor, the second cooling passage also having a second cooling fluid discharge port in fluid communication with the second cooling fluid inlet port and disposed radially outward of the second cooling fluid inlet port at a fourth axial location at or adjacent the first end face of the rotor, the fourth axial location being spaced apart from the third axial location in a second axial direction along the axis of rotation that is opposite the first axial direction, wherein the second cooling passage removes heat from the rotor during rotation of the rotor,
and further comprising first and second flow guides extending from respective ones of the first and second end faces, the inlet ports at each of the first and second end faces being in communication with respective inlets through the casing with respective first and second cooling fluid supply passages in communication with respective ones of the inlet ports at respective ones of the first and second end faces, the first and second cooing fluid supply passages being defined between the rotor, the shaft, the respective one of the first and second flow guides and the respective one of the first and second end plates, and the discharge ports at each of the first and second end faces being in communication with respective outlets through the casing with respective first and second cooling fluid exhaust passages in communication with respective ones of the discharge ports at respective ones of the first and second end faces, the first and second cooling fluid exhaust passages being defined outside the motor between the rotor, the stator, and the respective one of the first and second flow guides.
10. The electrical machine of claim 9 , wherein the first cooling fluid inlet port is disposed at a different circumferential position on the rotor than the first cooling fluid discharge port.
11. The electrical machine of claim 9 , wherein the stator includes a stator cooling passage extending through the stator.
12. The electrical machine of claim 11 , wherein the stator is formed of a plurality of laminations stacked together, wherein each lamination includes an opening; wherein the openings in the laminations form the stator cooling passage; and wherein the stator cooling passage is a turbulated cooling passage.
13. The electrical machine of claim 12 , wherein the laminations include a plurality of stator teeth; wherein the openings have a same geometry; and wherein the openings in all of the laminations have the same alignment relative to the stator teeth.
14. The electrical machine of claim 12 , wherein the laminations include a plurality of stator teeth; and wherein at least some of the openings in the laminations have a different alignment relative to the stator teeth than others of the openings in the laminations.
15. The electrical machine of claim 12 , wherein at least one of the laminations faces in a direction opposite to at least one of the other laminations.
16. The electrical machine of claim 9 , wherein the rotor includes a plurality of first cooling passages, and wherein the first cooling passages are disposed at an angle relative to an outer surface of the rotor.
17. An electrical machine, comprising:
a stator,
a rotor configured for electromagnetic cooperation with the stator;
a shaft extending from the rotor;
a bearing structured to radially support the shaft and the rotor;
a casing extending between opposite first and second end plates, the casing configured to house the stator, the rotor, the shaft, and the bearing; and
means for cooling the rotor during rotation of the rotor, wherein the means for cooling includes air that is provided through a plurality of cooling passages extending through the rotor between opposite first and second end faces of the rotor, wherein a first portion of the plurality of cooling passages each include an inlet port at the first end face and a discharge port at the second end face, and a second portion of the plurality of cooling passages each include an inlet port at the second end face and a discharge port at the first end face, and further comprising first and second flow guides extending from respective ones of the first and second end faces, the inlet ports at each of the first and second end faces being in communication with respective inlets through the casing with respective first and second cooling fluid supply passages in communication with respective ones of the inlet ports at respective ones of the first and second end faces, the first and second cooling fluid supply passages being defined between the rotor, the shaft, the respective one of the first and second flow guides and the respective one of the first and second end plates, and the discharge ports at each of the first and second end faces being in communication with respective outlets through the casing with respective first and second cooling fluid exhaust passages in communication with respective ones of the discharge ports at respective ones of the first and second end faces, the first and second cooling fluid exhaust passages being defined outside the motor between the rotor, the stator, and the respective one of the first and second flow guides.
18. The electrical machine of claim 17 , wherein the electrical machine includes means for cooling the stator; wherein the means for cooling the rotor includes means for pressurizing a fluid; and wherein the means for cooling the stator includes means for cooling the stator using the pressurized fluid.