Damping force variable valve assembly and damping force variable shock absorber having the same
Provided are a damping force variable valve assembly with a low-speed control valve capable of controlling an ultra-low flow rate and a low flow rate when a damping force variable valve operates in a soft mode, and a damping force variable shock absorber including the damping force variable valve assembly. The damping force variable valve assembly, which is installed in a damping force variable shock absorber for adjustment of a damping force of the shock absorber, includes: a solenoid; a spool which is movable by the magnetic force of the solenoid; a spool guide which surrounds the spool; a main valve which is installed in a main passage formed in a valve body installed in the spool guide; a back pressure chamber which is provided in the rear of the main valve; a chamber forming body which forms the back pressure chamber.
1. A damping force variable shock absorber for adjusting a damping force of the shock absorber, the shock absorber comprising:
a base shell in which a damping force variable valve assembly is attached to an outside of the base shell;
an inner tube which is installed inside the base shell and in which a piston rod is installed movably in a length direction;
a piston valve which is connected to one end of the piston rod such that an inner space of the inner tube is partitioned into a rebound chamber and a compression chamber; and
a separator tube which partitions a space between the base shell and the inner tube into a low pressure chamber and a high pressure chamber,
wherein the damping force variable valve assembly comprises:
a solenoid which generates a magnetic force when an electric current is applied thereto;
a spool which is movable by the magnetic force of the solenoid;
a spool guide which surrounds the spool to guide a movement of the spool;
a valve body which is installed in the spool guide;
a main valve which is installed in a main passage formed in the valve body, and generates a damping force;
a back pressure chamber which is provided to have a back pressure to pressurize the main valve from the rear of the main valve;
a chamber forming body which is installed outside the valve body to form the back pressure chamber; and
a low-speed control valve which is installed in a low-speed passage formed in the valve body, and generates a damping force,
wherein the damping force of the shock absorber is variable between a hard mode in which the back pressure of the back pressure chamber is increased and a soft mode in which the back pressure of the back pressure chamber is decreased, when an inner passage within the damping force variable valve assembly is changed by interaction of the spool and the spool guide,
wherein the main passage and the low-speed passage form separate passages so that the main valve and the low-speed control valve are installed in parallel,
wherein in the soft mode, a working fluid supplied to the main valve does not pass through the low-speed control valve, and a working fluid supplied to the low-speed control valve does not pass through the main valve, and the low-speed control valve generates the damping force when a flow rate of a working fluid is low in the soft mode,
wherein the working fluid flows, from the high pressure chamber which is communicated with the rebound chamber and formed between the inner tube and the separator tube, through the main passage and the main valve, or through the low-speed passage and the low-speed control valve, directly to the low pressure chamber which is formed between the base shell and the separator tube, based on the flow rate of the working fluid in the soft mode,
wherein the spool comprises alternating large-diameter portions and small-diameter portions,
wherein the spool guide includes an inlet port, a first inlet passage, a first passage and a second passage,
wherein the valve body includes a second inlet passage and third inlet passage,
wherein in the soft mode, when the flow rate of the working fluid is low,
the working fluid passing through the main passage including the inlet port, the first inlet passage, the second inlet passage, and the third inlet passage flows toward the second passage through a slit formed on an inner peripheral side of disks included in the main valve,
the working fluid passing through the second passage flows toward the first passage through a space between the spool guide and a first small-diameter portion of the spool,
the working fluid passing through the first passage flows toward the low-speed passage,
the damping force is generated in a low flow rate section by the low-speed control valve, and
the working fluid passing through the low-speed passage flows toward the low pressure chamber.
2. The shock absorber according to claim 1 , wherein the valve body is formed by sintering, and the chamber forming body is formed by press processing.
3. The shock absorber according to claim 1 , wherein the large-diameter portions are formed on both sides of each small-diameter portion so that a pressure of a working fluid passing through the small-diameter portion is equally applied to the large-diameter portions formed on both sides of the each small-diameter portion.
4. The shock absorber according to claim 1 , wherein a stepped portion coming into contact with the low-speed control valve is formed on an outer peripheral surface of the inlet port of the spool guide, and the low-speed control valve is assembled by interposing between the stepped portion and the valve body fitted into the spool.
5. A damping force variable shock absorber for adjusting a damping force of the shock absorber, the damping force variable shock absorber comprising:
a base shell in which a damping force variable valve assembly is attached to an outside of the base shell;
an inner tube which is installed inside the base shell and in which a piston rod is installed movably in a length direction;
a piston valve which is connected to one end of the piston rod such that an inner space of the inner tube is partitioned into a rebound chamber and a compression chamber; and
a separator tube which partitions a space between the base shell and the inner tube into a low pressure chamber and a high pressure chamber,
wherein the damping force variable valve assembly comprises:
a spool which is movable by a magnetic force of a solenoid;
a spool guide which surrounds the spool to guide a movement of the spool;
a main valve which is installed to cover a main passage formed in a valve body installed in the spool guide and generates a damping force; and
a low-speed control valve which is installed to cover a low-speed passage formed in the valve body and generates a damping force,
wherein the damping force of the shock absorber is variable between a hard mode in which a back pressure of a back pressure chamber installed at the rear of the main valve is increased and a soft mode in which the back pressure of the back pressure chamber is decreased, as an inner passage within the damping force variable valve assembly is changed by interaction of the spool and the spool guide,
wherein the main passage and the low-speed passage form separate passages so that the main valve and the low-speed control valve are installed in parallel,
wherein in the soft mode, a working fluid supplied to the main valve does not pass through the low-speed control valve, and a working fluid supplied to the low-speed control valve does not pass through the main valve, and the low-speed control valve generates the damping force when a flow rate of a working fluid is low in the soft mode,
wherein the working fluid flows, from the high pressure chamber which is communicated with the rebound chamber and formed between the inner tube and the separator tube, through the main passage and the main valve, or through the low-speed passage and the low-speed control valve, directly to the low pressure chamber which is formed between the base shell and the separator tube, based on the flow rate of the working fluid in the soft mode,
wherein the spool comprises alternating large-diameter portions and small-diameter portions,
wherein the spool guide includes an inlet port, a first inlet passage, a first passage and a second passage,
wherein the valve body includes a second inlet passage and third inlet passage,
wherein in the soft mode, when the flow rate of the working fluid is low,
the working fluid passing through the main passage including the inlet port, the first inlet passage, the second inlet passage, and the third inlet passage flows toward the second passage through a slit formed on an inner peripheral side of disks included in the main valve,
the working fluid passing through the second passage flows toward the first passage through a space between the spool guide and a first small-diameter portion of the spool,
the working fluid passing through the first passage flows toward the low-speed passage,
the damping force is generated in a low flow rate section by the low-speed control valve, and
the working fluid passing through the low-speed passage flows toward the low pressure chamber.
6. The shock absorber according to claim 1 , wherein the spool is free from including a passage traversing an extension direction of the main passage in the at least one small diameter portion.
7. The damping force variable shock absorber according to claim 5 , wherein the spool is free from including a passage traversing an extension direction of the main passage in the at least one small diameter portion.