Composition for solar cell electrodes and electrode fabricated using the same
A composition for solar cell electrodes includes silver powder; a silver alloy (AgX) that includes silver (Ag) and a metal (X), the silver alloy having a eutectic point of about 150° C. to about 900° C.; a glass frit; and an organic vehicle.
1. A composition for solar cell electrodes, the composition comprising:
silver powder;
a silver alloy (AgX) that consists essentially of silver (Ag) and a metal (X), and contains the silver (Ag) and the metal (X) in respective amounts such that the silver alloy exhibits a eutectic point of about 150° C. to about 900° C.;
a glass frit; and
an organic vehicle, wherein the metal X is In, Sr, Ce, Te, Se, Eu, La, Pb, Na, Pr, As, Bi, or a combination thereof.
2. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the silver alloy is a powder alloy having an average particle diameter (D50) of about 0.1 μm to about 10 μm.
3. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the silver alloy is present in an amount of about 0.1 wt % to about 40 wt % based on a total weight of the composition.
4. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , comprising: about 55 wt % to about 95 wt % of the silver powder; about 0.1 wt % to 40 wt % of the silver alloy; about 0.5 wt % to about 20 wt % of the glass fit; and about 1 wt % to about 30 wt % of the organic vehicle.
5. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the glass frit includes at least one selected from the group of zinc oxide-silicon oxide (ZnO—SiO 2 ), zinc oxide-boron oxide-silicon oxide (ZnO—B 2 O 3 —SiO 2 ), zinc oxide-boron oxide-silicon oxide-aluminum oxide (ZnO—B 2 O 3 —SiO 2 —Al 2 O 3 ), bismuth oxide (Bi 2 O 3 ), bismuth oxide-silicon oxide (Bi 2 O 3 —SiO 2 ), bismuth oxide- boron oxide-silicon oxide (Bi 2 O 3 —B 2 O 3 —SiO 2 ), bismuth oxide-boron oxide-silicon oxide-aluminum oxide (Bi 2 O 3 —B 2 O 3 —SiO 2 —Al 2 O 3 ), bismuth oxide-zinc oxide-boron oxide-silicon oxide (Bi 2 O 3 —ZnO—B 2 O 3 —SiO 2 ), bismuth oxide-zinc oxide-boron oxide-silicon oxide-aluminum oxide (Bi 2 O 3 —ZnO—B 2 O 3 —SiO 2 —Al 2 O 3 ), lead oxide (PbO), lead oxide-tellurium oxide (PbO—TeO 2 ), lead oxide-tellurium oxide-silicon oxide (PbO—TeO 2 —SiO 2 ), lead oxide-tellurium oxide-lithium oxide (PbO—TeO 2 —Li 2 O), bismuth oxide-tellurium oxide (Bi 2 O 3 —TeO 2 ), bismuth oxide-tellurium oxide-silicon oxide (Bi 2 O 3 —TeO 2 —SiO 2 ), bismuth oxide-tellurium oxide-lithium oxide (Bi 2 O 3 —TeO 2 —Li 2 O), tellurium oxide (TeO 2 ), and tellurium oxide-zinc oxide (TeO 2 —ZnO) glass frits.
6. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the glass frit includes two types of glass frit having different glass transition points.
7. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the glass frit has an average particle diameter D50 of about 0.1 μm to about 10 μm.
8. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising: at least one additive selected from the group of a dispersant, a thixotropic agent, a plasticizer, a viscosity stabilizer, an anti-foaming agent, a pigment, a UV stabilizer, an antioxidant, and a coupling agent.
9. A solar cell electrode prepared from the composition as claimed in claim 1 .
10. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the metal X includes at least one metal selected from the group of In, Sr, Ce, Te, and Bi.
11. A composition for solar cell electrodes, comprising:
unalloyed silver in powder form; an AgBi binary alloy in powder form; a glass fit; and an organic vehicle, wherein the AgBi binary alloy has a melting point of about 545 ° C. and a molar ratio of Ag to Bi of about 0.05/0.95.
12. A solar cell electrode prepared from the composition as claimed in claim 11 .