Commutation current steering method in a zero volt switching power converter using a synchronous rectifier
View Patent ↗A commutation current steering method is provided for a power converter having an isolation transformer, a plurality of primary ZVS switches, a plurality of secondary switches for synchronous rectification, and a boosting resonant circuit. A commutation current is shared between all of the switches, and a resonance is induced in the boosting resonant circuit by controlling each of the synchronous rectifier switches to turn off at a time prior to a turn-off time for a corresponding one of the switches operating under ZVS conditions, wherein the primary current is boosted above a minimum commutation value during ZVS periods. The ZVS switches are further driven with a constant dead time, and the synchronous rectifier switches are driven to provide a fixed time relation with respect to all of the switches.
1. A method of converting power from an input DC voltage source to a variable load, in a zero volt switching (ZVS) converter having a plurality of switches operating under ZVS conditions, a plurality of switches operating as a synchronous rectifier, an isolation transformer, and a resonant circuit comprising a leakage inductance of the isolation transformer and a parasitic Coss capacitance for each of the plurality of synchronous rectifier switches, the method comprising:
sharing a commutation current between the switches operating under ZVS conditions and the synchronous rectifier switches,
controlling each of the synchronous rectifier switches to turn on concurrently with a turn-on time for a corresponding one of the switches operating under ZVS conditions, and
controlling each of the synchronous rectifier switches to turn off at a fixed time in advance of a turn-off time for the corresponding one of the switches operating under ZVS conditions, wherein the parasitic Coss capacitances are forced to resonate with the leakage inductance and a boosting resonant wave is formed in a current flowing through the ZVS converter switches during ZVS transitions by a current through the leakage inductance of the isolation transformer being reflected to a primary side of the converter.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising operating the synchronous rectifier switches across an entire input voltage range.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising driving the switches operating under ZVS conditions with a constant dead time.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein a ratio between a primary magnetizing inductance of the isolation transformer and an inductance of a resonant choke of the ZVS converter is greater than 7.
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the ZVS converter is a resonant converter.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the switches operating under ZVS conditions are primary-side switches with respect to the isolation transformer and the synchronous rectifier switches are secondary-side switches with respect to the isolation transformer.
7. A zero volt switching (ZVS) power converter comprising:
a first plurality of switches configured to operate under ZVS conditions;
a second plurality of switches configured to operate as a synchronous rectifier;
an isolation transformer;
a resonant circuit comprising a leakage inductance of the isolation transformer and a parasitic Coss capacitance for each of the plurality of synchronous rectifier switches; and
control circuitry defining a controller that is configured to generate control signals to operate each of the switches, whereby the controller is functional to
operate the synchronous rectifier switches wherein a commutation current is shared between the switches operating under ZVS conditions and the synchronous rectifier switches,
control each of the synchronous rectifier switches to turn on at the same time as a turn-on time for a corresponding one of the switches operating under ZVS conditions, and
control each of the synchronous rectifier switches to turn off at a fixed time in advance of a turn-off time for the corresponding one of the switches operating under ZVS conditions, wherein the parasitic Coss capacitances are forced to resonate with the leakage inductance and a boosting resonant wave is formed in a current flowing through the first plurality of switches during ZVS transitions by a current through the leakage inductance of the isolation transformer being reflected to a primary side of the converter.
8. The power converter of claim 6 , wherein the controller is further configured to operate the synchronous rectifier switches across an entire input voltage range.
9. The power converter of claim 6 , wherein the controller is further configured to drive the switches operating under ZVS conditions with a constant dead time.
10. The power converter of claim 6 , wherein the zero volt switching (ZVS) power converter is a resonant converter.
11. The power converter of claim 6 , wherein the switches operating under ZVS conditions are primary-side switches with respect to the isolation transformer and the synchronous rectifier switches are secondary-side switches with respect to the isolation transformer.
12. The power converter of claim 10 , wherein a ratio between a primary magnetizing inductance of the isolation transformer and an inductance of the resonant choke of said resonant converter is greater than 7.