HEAT RESISTANT POLYLACTIC ACID COMPOUNDS
A significant disadvantage of the use of polylactic acid (PLA), lack of good heat stability, has been overcome by the use of talc, optionally in combination with an acrylic impact modifier. The compound achieves a threshold of 100° C. in heat deflection temperature.
1 . A heat resistant, polylactic acid compound, comprising:
(a) polylactic acid;
(b) polycarbonate;
(c) talc in an amount from about 2 to 9 weight percent of the compound; and optionally
(d) acrylic impact modifier.
2 . The compound of claim 1 , optionally also comprising flame retardant and drip suppressant.
3 . The compound of claim 1 or claim 2 , wherein the talc comprises 2 to 7 weight percent of the compound.
4 . The compound of claim 3 , wherein the talc comprises 4 to 7 weight percent of the compound.
5 . The compound of claim 4 , wherein the acrylic impact modifier is present in an amount of from about 1 to about 15 weight percent of the compound.
6 . The compound of claim 1 , wherein if the blended compound is essentially dried before shaping into a plastic article, then the blended compound after shaping into the plastic article has a heat deflection temperature of at least 100° C. at 66 pounds per square inch using the protocol of ASTM D648.
7 . The compound of claim 1 , wherein the polylactic acid comprises poly-D-lactide, poly-L-lactide, or a combination of both and wherein the amount of polylactic acid is present in the compound ranges from about 40 to about 50 weight percent.
8 . The compound of claim 1 , wherein the polycarbonate is present in the compound from about 30 to about 55 weight percent.
9 . The compound of claim 5 , wherein the impact modifier is a core/shell acrylic polymer.
10 . The compound of claim 1 , further comprising optional additives selected from the group consisting of adhesion promoters; biocides; anti-fogging agents; anti-static agents; bonding, blowing and foaming agents; dispersants; initiators; lubricants; pigments, colorants and dyes; plasticizers; processing aids; release agents; slip and anti-blocking agents; stabilizers; stearates; ultraviolet light absorbers; viscosity regulators; waxes; and combinations of them.
11 . A plastic article shaped from a compound of claim 1 .
12 . The article of claim 11 , wherein the article is molded or extruded and wherein the article is shaped for use in transportation, appliance, electronics, building and construction, packaging, or consumer markets.
13 . The article of claim 11 , wherein the article has a heat deflection temperature increase of at least 45° C. more than the heat deflection temperature of a plastic article made of polylactic acid alone, when both are measured at 66 pounds per square inch using the protocol of ASTM D648.
14 . A method of making the compound of claim 1 , comprising the steps of
(a) gathering ingredients including polylactic acid, polycarbonate, talc, and optionally, impact modifier,
(b) melt-mixing them into a compound for subsequent shaping into a plastic article shaped for use in transportation, appliance, electronics, building and construction, packaging, or consumer markets.
15 . The method of making the compound of claim 14 , further comprising the steps of
(c) drying the compound to a moisture content of less than 0.2% and
(d) shaping the compound into a plastic article for use in transportation, appliance, electronics, building and construction, packaging, or consumer markets.