Touch panel having sense patterns of mesh type metal grids, display apparatus, and method of manufacturing the touch panel

1. A touch panel, comprising:

a substrate;

sense patterns disposed on the substrate and comprising mesh type metal grids, the metal grids comprising at least three metal lines in parallel with each other; and

a transparent conductive layer respectively corresponding to each of the sense patterns and disposed to cover the metal grids and completely cover vacant spaces between the at least three metal lines,

wherein each of the at least three metal lines has a curved surface shape in cross-section.

2. The touch panel of claim 1 , wherein the transparent conductive layer comprises at least one of graphene, metal nanowires, carbon nanotubes, and Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT).

3. The touch panel of claim 1 , wherein a linewidth of metal lines is greater than 0 and about 10 μm or less.

4. The touch panel of claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises a flexible transparent substrate and comprises at least one of poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a silicon elastomer, polyurethane, and polycarbonate.

5. The touch panel of claim 1 , wherein the sense patterns comprise first sense patterns extending substantially in parallel with each other in a first direction, and second sense patterns disposed between the first patterns, and

wherein the transparent conductive layer comprises:

first transparent conductive layers respectively disposed on the first sense patterns; and

second transparent conductive layers respectively disposed on the second sense patterns.

6. The touch panel of claim 5 , further comprising:

an insulating layer disposed on at least a portion of the first transparent conductive layers; and

bridge patterns electrically connecting the second transparent conductive layers along a second direction that intersects with the first direction.

7. The touch panel of claim 1 , further comprising:

an additional substrate disposed on a surface opposite to a surface of the substrate on which the metal grids are disposed;

additional sense patterns comprising additional metal grids; and

an additional transparent conductive layer patterned to correspond to each of the additional sense patterns and disposed to cover the additional metal grids,

wherein the additional sense patterns and the additional transparent conductive layer are sequentially disposed on the additional substrate between the substrate and the additional substrate.

8. The touch panel of claim 7 , wherein:

the sense patterns are extended substantially in parallel with each other along a first direction; and

the additional sense patterns are extended substantially in parallel with each other along a second direction that intersects with the first direction.

9. The touch panel of claim 1 , wherein the transparent conductive layer comprises a material which is more difficult to oxidize than the metal grids.

10. A display apparatus comprising:

a display panel; and

a touch panel disposed on a surface from which a light of the display panel is emitted,

wherein the touch panel comprises:

a substrate;

sense patterns disposed on the substrate and comprising mesh type metal grids, the metal grids comprising at least three metal lines in parallel with each other; and

a transparent conductive layer respectively corresponding to each of the sense patterns and disposed to cover the metal grids and completely cover vacant spaces between the at least three metal lines,

wherein each of the at least three metal lines has a curved surface shape in cross-section.

11. The display apparatus of claim 10 , further comprising an adhesion layer disposed between the display panel and the touch panel,

wherein the transparent conductive layer, sense patterns, and substrate of the touch panel are sequentially disposed from the adhesion layer.

12. The display apparatus of claim 11 , further comprising a polarizer and a window disposed on a surface opposite to a surface of the substrate on which the sense patterns are disposed,

wherein the substrate functions as a phase retarder.

13. The display apparatus of claim 10 , wherein a linewidth of the metal lines is greater than 0 and about 10 μm or less.

14. The display apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the display panel comprises an organic light-emitting device comprising;

a pixel electrode;

an intermediate layer disposed on the pixel electrode and comprising an organic light-emitting layer; and

an opposite electrode disposed on the intermediate layer.

15. A method of manufacturing a touch panel, comprising:

forming a mesh type metal grid as metal lines on a substrate, the metal grl comprising at least three metal lines in parallel with each other;

forming a transparent conductive layer to cover the metal grid; and

patterning the metal grid and the transparent conductive layer to form sense patterns,

wherein:

the patterned transparent conductive layer corresponds to each of the sense patterns and configured to cover the metal grids and completely cover vacant spaces between the at least three metal lines; and

each of the at least three metal lines has a curved surface shape in cross-section.

16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the forming of the metal grid comprises forming the metal grid by an electrohydrodynamic jet printing method.

17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the metal lines have line widths greater than 0 and about 10 μm or less.

18. The method of claim 15 , wherein the patterning the metal grid and the transparent conductive layer comprises simultaneously patterning the metal grid and the transparent conductive material to form first sense patterns substantially disposed in parallel with each other and extended along a first direction, first transparent conductive layers disposed on the first sense patterns, second sense patterns disposed between the first sense patterns, and second transparent conductive layers disposed on the second sense patterns.

19. The method of claim 18 , further comprising:

forming an insulating layer on at least a portion of the first transparent conductive layers; and

forming bridge patterns electrically connecting the second transparent conductive layers on the insulating layer along a second direction that intersects with the first direction.