System and method for coordinating hub-beam selection in fixed wireless backhaul networks
Systems and methods are disclosed for coordinating hub-beam selection in wireless backhaul networks and optionally, for joint hub-beam selection and slot assignment. Data indicative of path loss is measured or estimated for each of a set of RBMs and for each hub-beam of a respective multi-beam serving hub. A performance metric is computed, and hub-beam selection is made based on optimizing the performance metric across the set of RBMs. A serving hub may use reserved frames to train an RBM on each hub-beam and communicate beam selections, e.g. based on minimizing path loss on a per-cell or per-sector basis, or maximizing a sum-utility function for improved performance over a neighborhood of the network. A beam assignment map may be shared amongst serving hubs. A weight table of good and bad beam combinations may be generated to evaluate the cost of a hub-beam combination, for joint hub-beam selection and slot assignment.
1. A method of coordinating hub-beam selection in a wireless backhaul network, the network comprising a plurality of sites wherein each site comprises a plurality of hub modules having multi-beam antenna, and each hub module serves a plurality of remote backhaul modules (RBMs), the method comprising:
obtaining for each of a set of RBMs in at least part of the wireless backhaul network (neighborhood), data indicative of path loss for hub-RBM radio links for each hub-beam of a respective serving hub;
from the data indicative of path loss computing a performance metric for the hub-RBM radio links for each hub-beam; and
selecting a hub-beam for each of the set of hub-RBM links that optimizes said performance metric across the set of RBMs of the neighborhood;
for each RBM of the neighborhood, communicating to its serving hub the respective hub-beam identification; and
wherein obtaining said data indicative of path loss comprises performing measurements of Radio Frequency Environment Characteristics (RFEC measurements) for at least a subset of RBMs, using reserved frames to train each RBM on each hub-beam of its serving hub and obtaining measured data for estimating the path loss for each hub-beam.
2. A method of hub-beam selection according to claim 1 , wherein the step of obtaining data indicative of path loss (PL) for hub-RBM radio links for each hub-beam of a respective serving hub comprises one of:
a) for each RBM of the neighborhood, performing said RFEC measurements to obtain the PL for hub-RBM radio links for all hub-beams of its serving hub;
b) for a subset of RBMs, performing said RFEC measurements to obtain the PL for hub-RBM radio links for all hub-beams of the respective serving hub, and for other RBMs performing said RFEC measurements to obtain the PL for hub-RBM radio links for a reference hub-beam only and interpolating for the PL of other hub-beams of the hub;
c) for a subset of RBMs, performing said RFEC measurements to obtain the PL for hub-RBM radio links for all hub-beams of the respective serving hub, and for other RBMs performing said RFEC measurements to obtain the PL for hub-RBM radio links for a reference hub-beam only and then applying curve fitting for estimating the PL of other hub-beams;
d) for a subset of RBMs, performing said RFEC measurements to obtain the PL for hub-RBM radio links for all hub-beams of the respective serving hub, and for other RBMs performing said RFEC measurements to obtain the PL for hub-RBM radio links for a reference hub-beam only and then applying curve fitting with smoothing for estimating the PL of other hub-beams;
e) for each RBM, estimating an initial PL for hub-RBM radio links for each hub-beam using a pre-deployment RF planning tool; and post-deployment, performing said RFEC measurements and updating estimated PL data; and
f) a combination thereof.
3. A method according to claim 1 wherein communicating to its serving hub the respective hub-beam identification comprises using a reserved hub beam selection frame.
4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the performance metric comprises a sum-utility-based metric, and wherein the step of selecting a hub-beam for each of the set of RBMs comprises optimizing the sum-utility over the set of RBMs of the neighborhood.
5. A method according to claim 4 , comprising optimizing the sum-utility across the entire backhaul network.
6. A method according to claim 4 comprising optimizing the sum-utility across a selected set of sites of the network.
7. A method according to claim 4 , wherein the sum-utility function comprises a sum-log throughput or a sum-gradient log throughput.
8. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the performance metric comprises a minimum path loss per-sector and wherein the step of selecting a hub-beam for each of the set of RBMs comprises minimizing a path loss for each of a set of RBMs of a sector.
9. A method according to claim 8 , wherein a beam assignment map comprising hub-beam selections for each RBM of the site is shared across all hubs of a site.
10. A method according to claim 1 , wherein a beam assignment map for hub-beam selections for each RBM of the neighbourhood is shared across all hubs of the neighbourhood.
11. A method according to claim 1 , wherein a beam assignment map for hub-beam selections for each RBM of the neighbourhood is shared with a centralized beam-selection server.
12. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the performance metric comprises a cost function of a hub-beam combination for a set of sites, and wherein a weight table of good and bad beam combinations is generated to evaluate the cost of a hub-beam combination.
13. A method according to claim 12 , further comprising joint slot assignment, wherein RBMs are shuffled in a slot assignment map to minimize the cost function.
14. A method according to claim 1 , wherein using a reserved frame comprises, in a training cycle, transmitting from the respective serving hub, a special downlink (DL) subframe and transmitting from the RBM, a special uplink (UL) subframe to obtain channel gain information for each hub-beam of the serving hub.
15. A method according to claim 14 further comprising, in a measurement cycle, transmitting a hub-beam selection DL subframe from each hub-beam, said subframe comprising a known data burst, enabling the RBM to train an equalizer and decode the known data bursts to obtain a channel estimate for the PL for each hub-beam.
16. A method according to claim 14 , wherein in the training cycle, the serving hub sends training symbols, and the RBM measures the received signal strength and computes a beam channel gain, and averages the channel gains over the training period to obtain a long term path loss (PL).
17. A system in a wireless backhaul network comprising a plurality of sites wherein each site comprises a plurality of hub modules having multi-beam antenna, and each hub module serves a plurality of remote backhaul modules (RBMs), said hubs, RBMs and a network server comprising processor means configured for coordinating hub-beam selection by implementing steps comprising:
obtaining for each of a set of RBMs in at least part of the wireless backhaul network (neighborhood), data indicative of path loss for hub-RBM radio links for each hub-beam of a respective serving hub;
from the data indicative of path loss computing a performance metric for the hub-RBM radio links for each hub-beam; and
selecting a hub-beam for each of the set of hub-RBM links that optimizes said performance metric across the set of RBMs of the neighborhood;
for each RBM of the neighborhood, communicating to its serving hub the respective hub-beam identification; and
wherein obtaining said data indicative of path loss comprises performing measurements of Radio Frequency Environment Characteristics (RFEC measurements) for at least a subset of RBMs, using reserved frames to train each RBM on each hub-beam of its serving hub and obtaining measured data for estimating the path loss for each hub-beam.
18. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing instructions, which, when executed by distributed or centralized processing means of a wireless backhaul network comprising a plurality of sites wherein each site comprises a plurality of hub modules having multi-beam antenna, and each hub module serves a plurality of remote backhaul modules (RBMs), perform steps of coordinating hub-beam selection comprising:
obtaining for each of a set of RBMs in at least part of the wireless backhaul network (neighborhood), data indicative of path loss for hub-RBM radio links for each hub-beam of a respective serving hub;
from the data indicative of path loss computing a performance metric for the hub-RBM radio links for each hub-beam; and
selecting a hub-beam for each of the set of hub-RBM links that optimizes said performance metric across the set of RBMs of the neighborhood;
for each RBM of the neighborhood, communicating to its serving hub the respective hub-beam identification; and
wherein obtaining said data indicative of path loss comprises performing measurements of Radio Frequency Environment Characteristics (RFEC measurements) for at least a subset of RBMs, using reserved frames to train each RBM on each hub-beam of its serving hub and obtaining measured data for estimating the path loss for each hub-beam.