Method of stimulating a hypoglossal nerve for controlling the position of a patient's tongue
A method for controlling a position of a patient's tongue includes attaching at least one electrode to the patient's Hypoglossal nerve and applying an electric signal through the electrode to at least one targeted motor efferent located within the Hypoglossal nerve to stimulate at least one muscle of the tongue. Methods may also include the use of more than one contact to target more than one motor efferent and stimulating more than one muscle. The stimulation load to maintain the position of the tongue may be shared by each muscle. The position of the patient's tongue may be controlled in order to prevent obstructive sleep apnea.
1. A method for controlling a position of a patient's tongue, the method comprising:
implanting an electrode having a plurality of contacts into the patient to electrically couple the plurality of contacts to a Hypoglossal nerve of the patient;
implanting an implantable pulse generator (IPG) into the patient, the IPG being electronically coupled to the electrode;
programming the IPG, without taking into account a timing of respiration, to assign each of the plurality of contacts to one of a plurality of functional groups, and deliver at least two electric signals to the plurality of functional groups in a sequence or interleaving pattern, each of the plurality of contacts pulsing sequentially in a nearly continuous pattern to share a stimulation load of the plurality of contacts; and
applying the at least two electric signals via the plurality of contacts to at least two targeted motor efferent groups located within the Hypoglossal nerve to stimulate at least two muscles of the tongue.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein programming the IPG includes keeping an amplitude of at least one electric signal delivered to a first functional group of the plurality of functional groups at a target amplitude for a pre-determined amount of time and then replacing the at least one electric signal of the first functional group with at least one electric signal delivered to a second functional group of the plurality of functional groups.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein a period of the at least one electric signal delivered to the first functional group partially overlaps with a period of the at least one electric signal delivered to the second functional group.
4. The method of claim 2 , wherein a period of the at least one electric signal delivered to the first functional group does not overlap with a period of the at least one electric signal delivered to the second functional group.
5. The method of claim 2 , wherein programming the IPG includes ramping an amplitude of the at least one electric signal delivered to the second functional group from an initial level up to a target amplitude.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein programming the IPG includes ramping an amplitude of at least one electric signal delivered to a first functional group of the plurality of functional groups from an initial level up to a target amplitude.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein two or more of the plurality of contacts are assigned to each of the plurality of functional groups.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein only one of the plurality of contacts is assigned to each of the plurality of functional groups.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein applying the at least two electric signals includes driving each of the plurality of contacts by its own independent current source.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein programming the IPG includes pulsing each of the plurality of functional groups at different or overlapping intervals.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the electrode includes a cuff housing and wherein implanting the electrode includes wrapping the cuff housing around a portion of the Hypoglossal nerve.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein implanting the electrode includes wrapping the cuff housing around the portion of the Hypoglossal nerve at least once.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least two electric signals are applied to the Hypoglossal nerve via an open loop system.
14. The method of claim 1 further comprising:
initiating a therapy session,
wherein applying the at least two electric signals is delayed for a predetermined amount of time after initiating the therapy session.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein programming the IPG includes sharing a generally level amount of stimulation between the plurality of contacts.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least two electric signals are applied to the at least two targeted motor efferent groups such that the stimulation of one of the at least two muscles of the tongue partially overlaps with the stimulation of another of the at least two muscles of the tongue.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the at least two electric signals are applied to the at least two targeted motor efferent groups to alternately stimulate the at least two muscles of the tongue.