Electrostatic speaker
An electrostatic speaker is described that includes a curved diaphragm positioned between two electrically conductive plates. According to aspects, the curved diaphragm has an “S-shape” and is configured to electrostatically move between the conductive plates. In particular, the curved diaphragm may generally roll between the two conductive plates so as to move from left to right with respect to ends of the conductive plates and push air in a direction toward ends of the conductive plates, thus generating acoustic output. In some implementations, the configuration of the electrostatic speaker reduces a biasing voltage required for the conductive plates.
1. An electrostatic transducer comprising:
a first impermeable electrode;
a second impermeable electrode spaced from the first impermeable electrode at a distance which defines a region between the first impermeable electrode and the second impermeable electrode;
a diaphragm disposed in the region and having a conductive layer for being responsive to electrostatic forces to produce acoustic output, the diaphragm including (1) a first end spaced closer to the first impermeable electrode than to the second impermeable electrode, (2) a second end spaced closer to the second impermeable electrode than to the first impermeable electrode, and (3) a curved center portion that connects the first end and the second end;
at least one electrical contact respectively coupled to at least one of the first impermeable electrode, the second impermeable electrode, and the diaphragm, for coupling to an audio signal source; and
at least one additional electrical contact respectively coupled to at least one of the first impermeable electrode, the second impermeable electrode, and the diaphragm, for coupling to a voltage source.
2. The electrostatic transducer of claim 1 , further comprising:
a first insulation layer disposed between the first impermeable electrode and the diaphragm; and
a second insulation layer disposed between the second impermeable electrode and the diaphragm.
3. The electrostatic transducer of claim 2 , wherein the first end of the diaphragm is coupled to the first insulation layer and the second end of the diaphragm is coupled to the second insulation layer.
4. The electrostatic transducer of claim 2 , wherein the first impermeable electrode is disposed between the first insulation layer and a first non-conductive surface, and wherein the second impermeable electrode is disposed between the second insulation layer and a second non-conductive surface.
5. The electrostatic transducer of claim 1 , wherein the second impermeable electrode is spaced from the first impermeable electrode at the distance which further defines (1) a first opening at a first end of the electrostatic transducer and (2) a second opening at a second end of the electrostatic transducer.
6. The electrostatic transducer of claim 1 , wherein:
a first respective end of each of the first impermeable electrode and the second impermeable electrode is configured to have a first passive acoustic component extending therefrom; and
a second respective end of each of the first impermeable electrode and the second impermeable electrode is configured to have a second passive acoustic component extending therefrom.