Insulator for spark plug and spark plug
An insulator for spark plug with a main constituent of alumina and containing silicon includes a grain boundary phase positioned between alumina particles. The grain boundary phase contains: a group 2A element; a rare earth element; and at least one kind of zirconium, titanium, chrome, niobium, manganese, and iron (a first element). Assuming that a total amount of the rare earth element is X (mass %), a total amount of the group 2A element is Y (mass %), and a total amount of the first element is Z (mass %), the following are met: 0.40≦ Y/X≦ 2.00 0.10≦ Z/X≦ 0.40.
1. An insulator for spark plug with a main constituent of alumina and containing silicon, comprising
a grain boundary phase positioned between alumina particles, wherein the grain boundary phase contains:
at least one group 2A element selected from a group of group 2A elements consisting of a magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium;
at least one rare earth element selected from a group of rare earth elements consisting of lanthanum, neodymium, praseodymium, yttrium, ytterbium, and cerium; and
at least one first element selected from a group of first elements consisting of zirconium, titanium, chrome, niobium, manganese, and iron, wherein
when element determination is performed in a visual field of 180 μm×250 μm at any given cross section in terms of oxide with an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA), and defining a total amount of an element selected from the group of rare earth elements is X (mass %), a total amount of an element selected from the group of group 2A elements is Y (mass %), and a total amount of an element selected from the first element group is Z (mass %), the following are met:
0.40 ≦Y/X ≦2.00
0.10 ≦Z/X ≦0.40.
2. The insulator for spark plug according to claim 1 , wherein, in the visual field, a ratio of area occupied by the grain boundary phase to an area occupied by the alumina particle is 0.020 or more to 0.060 or less.
3. The insulator for spark plug according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein, two or more elements selected from the first element group are present.
4. The insulator for spark plug according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein, in the visual field, an average grain size of the alumina particle is 2.0 μm or more to 4.5 μm or less.
5. The insulator for spark plug according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein, in the visual field, an average grain size of the alumina particle is 2.0 μm or more to 4.5 μm or less.
6. The insulator for spark plug according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the total amount X is 0.3 mass % or more to 2.5 mass % or less.
7. The insulator for spark plug according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the total amount Y is 0.05 mass % or more to 0.8 mass % or less.
8. The insulator for spark plug according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the total amount Z is 0.05 mass % or more to 1.0 mass % or less.
9. A spark plug having an insulator, said insulator having a main constituent of alumina and containing silicon, said insulator comprising
a grain boundary phase positioned between alumina particles, wherein the grain boundary phase contains:
at least one group 2A element selected from a group of group 2A elements consisting of magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium;
at least one rare earth element selected from a group of rare earth elements consisting of lanthanum, neodymium, praseodymium, yttrium, ytterbium, and cerium; and
at least one first element group element selected from a first element group elements consisting of zirconium, titanium, chrome, niobium, manganese, and iron, wherein
when element determination is performed in a visual field of 180 μm×250 μm at any given cross section in terms of oxide with an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA), and defining a total amount of an element selected from the group of rare earth elements is X (mass %), a total amount of an element selected from the group of group 2A elements is Y (mass %), and a total amount of an element selected from the first element group is Z (mass %), the following are met:
0.40 ≦Y/X ≦2.00
0.10 ≦Z/X ≦0.40.
10. A spark plug according to claim 9 , wherein, in the visual field, a ratio of area occupied by the grain boundary phase to an area occupied by the alumina particle is 0.020 or more to 0.060 or less.
11. A spark plug according to claim 9 or 10 , wherein two or more elements selected from the first element group are present.
12. A spark plug according to claim 9 or 10 , wherein, in the visual field, an average grain size of the alumina particle is 2.0 μm or more to 4.5 μm or less.
13. A spark plug according to claim 11 , wherein, in the visual field, an average grain size of the alumina particle is 2.0 μm or more to 4.5 μm or less.
14. A spark plug according to claim 9 or 10 , wherein the total amount X is 0.3 mass % or more to 2.5 mass % or less.
15. A spark plug according to claim 9 or 10 , wherein the total amount Y is 0.05 mass % or more to 0.8 mass % or less.
16. A spark plug according to claim 9 or 10 , wherein the total amount Z is 0.05 mass % or more to 1.0 mass % or less.