Continuous process for preparing microspheres and microspheres prepared thereby
The present invention relates to a continuous process for preparing microspheres and microspheres prepared thereby, and in particular, a process for preparing microspheres comprising steps of injecting a first emulsion and a second emulsion at the same time to form microspheres instantaneously, applying high pressure to the microspheres formed, and injecting the microspheres into an agitator, wherein the steps can be carried out continuously, and microspheres prepared thereby. When microspheres are prepared using the method of the present invention, scale variables, which have been the biggest disadvantage in existing preparation methods of microspheres, can be significantly reduced, drug encapsulation efficiency can be improved, and small and uniform particles can be obtained.
1. A process for preparing microspheres in which a physiologically active substance is encapsulated in a carrier polymer using a double emulsification method, comprising:
dispersing or mixing a carrier polymer dissolved in a solvent and a physiologically active substance to form a first emulsion (Step 1);
continuously mixing a certain amount of each of the first emulsion and a second solution in which a surfactant is dissolved to form a second emulsion (Step 2); and
continuously flowing the second emulsion through a high pressure homogenizer or a high pressure pump and applying pressure of 500 psi to 30,000 psi to the second emulsion before the polymer is cured as the solvent in the first emulsion is evaporated or removed, thereby controlling the size of microspheres before the polymer is cured as the solvent in the first emulsion is evaporated or removed (Step 3).
2. The process of claim 1 , further comprising the step of:
stirring the second emulsion (Step 4) after the Step 3.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein Step 2 is performed by continuously transferring a certain amount of each of the first emulsion and the second solution into a reactor, in which the second emulsion is formed, by a liquid transfer pump, and by mixing the first emulsion and the second solution to form the second emulsion.
4. The process of claim 3 , wherein the reactor has a mesh net installed on the inside, and the second emulsion is formed after the first emulsion and the second solution pass through the mesh net.
5. The process of claim 4 , wherein the mesh net has a pore size ranging from 1 μm to 50 μm.
6. The process of claim 2 , wherein the Step 4 is performed by continuously injecting the second emulsion from a reactor, in which the second emulsion is formed, into an agitator, and stirring the second emulsion in the agitator.
7. The process of claim 6 , wherein the rate of injecting the second emulsion into the agitator is the same as the rate of supplying the first emulsion and the second solution to the reactor.
8. The process of claim 6 , wherein a means to inject the second emulsion into the agitator includes a high pressure pump or a liquid transfer pump.
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the physiologically active substance is any one or more selected from the group consisting of a luteinizing hormone-release hormone (LHRH) homologue, a peptide, and salts thereof.
10. The process of claim 9 , wherein the physiologically active substance is any one or more selected from the group consisting of goserelin, leuprolide acetate, triptorelin, buserelin, nafarelin, cetrorelix and argitide.
11. The process of claim 1 , wherein the carrier polymer is a biodegradable polymer.
12. The process of claim 11 , wherein the carrier polymer is one or more selected from the group consisting of polylactide, polyglycolide, and poly(lactide-co-glycolide), polyorthoester, polyanhydride, polyamino acid, polyhydroxybutyric acid, polycaprolactone, polyalkyl carbonate, lipid, fatty acid, wax, albumin, gelatin, collagen, fibric acid, alginic acid, chitin, chitosan, dextran, hyaluronic acid and starch.