Apparatus and methods to modulate bladder function

1. A method of modulating bladder function, the method comprising:

maintaining needle electrodes of an energy delivery device within bladder wall tissue using the energy delivery device positioned in a vagina of a patient; and

activating the needle electrodes within the bladder wall tissue while the energy delivery device is positioned in the vagina to disrupt afferent nerve signals associated with bladder function by applying ablative thermal energy from the needle electrodes of the energy delivery device to a targeted portion of the bladder wall tissue at a selected depth from an inner wall of the vagina.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the applying ablative thermal energy from the needle electrodes of the energy delivery device to the targeted portion of the bladder wall tissue at the selected depth from the inner wall of the vagina comprises applying RF energy using the needle electrodes to the portion of the bladder wall tissue.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the applying ablative thermal energy from the needle electrodes of the energy delivery device to the targeted portion of the bladder wall tissue at the selected depth from the inner wall of the vagina comprises ablating afferent nerves emanating from the bladder.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the applying ablative thermal energy from the needle electrodes of the energy delivery device to the targeted portion of the bladder wall tissue at the selected depth from the inner wall of the vagina comprises applying the ablative thermal energy to targeted nerves proximate a trigone region of the bladder.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein proximal portions of the needle electrodes include an electrically insulative coating such that the ablative thermal energy does not flow between the proximal portions of the needle electrodes.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the energy delivery device is advanced into the vagina while steering the energy delivery device.

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the needle electrodes comprise a pair of needle electrodes that are oriented parallel to one another.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the needle electrodes consist of a pair of needle electrodes that are oriented parallel to one another.

9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising penetrating the needle electrodes through a mucosal surface of the vagina.

10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method treats an overactive bladder condition of the patient.

11. The method of claim 1 , wherein said applying ablative thermal energy from the needle electrodes of the energy delivery device to the targeted portion of the bladder wall tissue at the selected depth from the inner wall of the vagina comprises applying the ablative thermal energy to targeted nerves in a trigone region of the bladder.

12. The method of claim 1 , further comprising, visualizing, using an imaging system, a position of the energy delivery device within the vagina.

13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising, after the energy delivery device is positioned in the vagina, deploying the needle electrodes.

14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the targeted portion of the bladder wall tissue is non-superficial tissue of the bladder.

15. The method of claim 1 , wherein said applying ablative thermal energy from the needle electrodes of the energy delivery device to the targeted portion of the bladder wall tissue at the selected depth from the inner wall of the vagina comprises avoiding damage to the superficial mucosal layer of the bladder wall tissue.