Well bore stimulation valve
Stimulation valves for a well tubular having a cylindrical housing adapted for assembly into a tubular for a well. The valves have ports allowing fluid communication between a central conduit and the exterior of the housing and a valve body adapted for movement from a closed position to an open position allowing fluid communication through the ports. A ball seat is mounted in the valve conduit above the ports. The ball seat has an initial ball-catch state in which a ball may be received in the ball seat to move the valve body from its closed position to its open position. The ball seat is adapted to transition to a ball-pass state and release the ball as the valve body is moved to the open position. The ball seat remains in the ball-pass state after the transition from the ball-catch state.
1. A stimulation valve for a well tubular, said stimulation valve comprising:
a cylindrical housing adapted for assembly into a tubular for a well and defining a conduit for passage of fluids through said housing and one or more ports allowing fluid communication between said conduit and the exterior of said housing;
a valve body adapted for movement from a closed position restricting fluid communication through said ports to an open position allowing fluid communication through said ports;
a drive sleeve positioned within the conduit; and
a ball seat comprising a split ring having an annular body and an empty gap formed between two circumferential ends thereof, the ball seat being mounted in said drive sleeve above said ports, said ball seat having an initial ball-catch state and being operatively connected to said valve body, wherein the ball seat is configured to receive a ball, and wherein the ball seat receiving the ball causes said valve body to move from its closed position to its open position;
wherein said ball seat is adapted to transition to a ball-pass state as said valve body is moved from said closed position to said open position, and wherein said ball seat in the ball-pass state is configured to release said ball after said valve body has moved to its open position;
wherein said split ring comprises a tab engaging the drive sleeve such that interference between said tab and said drive sleeve restricts said split ring from rotating relative to said drive sleeve; and
wherein said tab has a first portion extending in a first direction so as to restrict rotation of said split ring relative to the drive sleeve and a second portion extending in a second direction to restrict axial movement of said split ring relative to the drive sleeve.
2. The stimulation valve of claim 1 , wherein said ball seat is mounted in said tool to restrict rotation of said ball seat relative to said tool.
3. The stimulation valve of claim 1 , wherein said split ring is expanded outward from the ball-catch state when transitioned into said ball-pass state.
4. The stimulation valve of claim 1 , wherein said circumferential ends are closer together in the ball-catch state than in the ball-pass state, such that the gap is nearly closed when said split ring is in said ball-catch state.
5. The stimulation valve of claim 1 , wherein said split ring is mounted in said drive sleeve to restrict rotation of said split ring relative to said housing.
6. The stimulation valve of claim 1 , wherein said ball seat is mounted for axial movement from a first position corresponding to said ball-catch state to a second position corresponding to said ball-pass state and is operably connected to said valve body such that when said ball seat moves to said second position said valve body moves to said open position.
7. The stimulation valve of claim 1 , wherein said valve has an area of reduced diameter and an area of enlarged diameter and said split ring is mounted for axial movement from said area of reduced diameter to said area of enlarged diameter, whereby said split ring is expanded when moved into said area of enlarged diameter to place said split ring in said ball-pass state.
8. The stimulation valve of claim 7 , wherein said drive sleeve is configured to move axially relative to the housing, and engage said valve body in response to a pressure applied to the ball caught in the ball seat, so as to transmit an axial force from the ball, through the ball seat and the drive sleeve, and to the valve body, such that the valve body is moved axially relative to the housing, from the closed position to the open position.
9. The stimulation valve of claim 1 , wherein said drive sleeve is mounted for axial movement from a first position to a second position and operably connected to said valve body such that when said drive sleeve moves to said second position said valve body moves to said open position, and wherein said movement of said drive sleeve to said second position allows said split ring to expand and release said ball.
10. The stimulation valve of claim 1 , wherein said ball seat is fabricated from a drillable material.
11. The stimulation valve of claim 10 , wherein said ball seat is fabricated from a molded fiberglass epoxy composite material.
12. The stimulation valve of claim 1 , wherein said valve body is a sleeve.
13. The stimulation valve of claim 1 , wherein said valve comprises a second ball seat mounted below said ports, said second ball seat being adapted to receive a ball to restrict fluid flow through said conduit.
14. A tubular adapted for installation in a well comprising the stimulation valve of claim 1 .
15. A method of lining a well, the method comprising installing a tubular comprising the stimulation valve of claim 1 .
16. A method of stimulating a formation in a well, said method comprising:
installing a tubular in said well, said tubular comprising an uphole stimulation valve and a downhole stimulation valve, said stimulation valves each comprising the stimulation valve of claim 1 ;
pumping a ball through said tubular to open both said stimulation valves;
pumping fluid through said tubular and out said opened stimulation valves to stimulate said formation adjacent both said stimulation valves simultaneously.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein said stimulation comprises fracturing said formation.
18. The stimulation valve of claim 1 , wherein said stimulation valve lacks a second ball seat adapted to receive a ball for isolating portions of said tubular downhole of said stimulation valve from fluid pumped into said tubular assembly.
19. The stimulation valve of claim 1 , wherein said ball seat is positioned uphole of the ports of the housing in the ball-catch state and in the ball-pass state.
20. A downhole tool, said tool being adapted for installation into a tubular assembly for a well and comprising:
a housing defining a conduit for passage of fluids through said tool;
a drive sleeve positioned within the conduit; and
a ball seat mounted in said drive sleeve, said ball seat comprising a split ring defining an empty gap between two circumferential ends thereof,
wherein said split ring comprises a tab engaging the drive sleeve such that interference between said tab and said drive sleeve restricts said split ring from rotating relative to said drive sleeve;
wherein said tab has a first portion extending in a first direction so as to restrict rotation of said split ring relative to the drive sleeve and a second portion extending in a second direction to restrict axial movement of said split ring relative to the drive sleeve;
wherein said split ring is configured to expand from a first state, in which said split ring provides a seat upon which a ball may be received to restrict passage of fluids through said conduit, to a second state, in which said split ring allows said ball to pass therethrough; and
wherein said split ring is mounted in said tool to restrict rotation of said split ring relative to said housing.
21. The tool of claim 20 , wherein the drive sleeve is slidable with respect to the housing, wherein said split ring comprises a profile adapted to bear on said drive sleeve and restrict rotation of said split ring relative to said drive sleeve when said split ring is subjected to rotational force.
22. The tool of claim 20 , wherein said split ring fabricated from a drillable material.
23. The tool of claim 20 , wherein the drive sleeve is coupled to the ball seat such that the ball seat is radially expandable relative to the drive sleeve, wherein:
the conduit comprises a first section and a second section, the first section defining a smaller diameter than the second section;
the drive sleeve is movable in the conduit relative to the housing from a first position to a second position, wherein the drive sleeve in the first position positions the ball seat in the first, smaller diameter section of the conduit, and the drive sleeve in the second position positions the ball seat in the second, larger diameter section; and
the ball seat expands radially outwards when moved from the first section of the conduit to the second section of the conduit.
24. The tool of claim 23 , further comprising a valve sleeve comprising a plurality of ports, the valve sleeve being movable axially, relative to the housing, from a closed position to an open position, wherein:
the housing comprises a plurality of ports, the ports of the valve sleeve being misaligned from the ports of the housing when the valve sleeve is in the closed position, and the ports of the valve sleeve being aligned with the ports of the housing when the valve sleeve is in the open position; and
the drive sleeve engages the housing, such that the drive sleeve moving from the first position to the second position causes the valve sleeve to move axially from the closed position to the open position.
25. The tool of claim 23 , wherein the housing comprises a restriction sleeve, the ball seat being positioned within the restriction sleeve when the ball seat is in the first state, such that the restriction sleeve shields at least a portion of the ball seat from fluid in the conduit, and wherein the restriction sleeve defines the first section of the conduit.