Patterned transparent conductors and related manufacturing methods
A patterned transparent conductor includes a substrate and additives at least partially embedded into at least one surface of the substrate and localized adjacent to the surface according to a pattern to form higher sheet conductance portions. The higher sheet conductance portions are laterally adjacent to lower sheet conductance portions.
1. A patterned transparent conductor comprising:
a substrate; and
metallic nanowires at least partially embedded into a surface of the substrate and localized adjacent to the surface according to a pattern to form higher sheet conductance portions, wherein the higher sheet conductance portions are laterally adjacent to lower sheet conductance portions, wherein the patterned transparent conductor further comprises additives included in the lower sheet conductance portions, wherein the metallic nanowires correspond to first metallic nanowires, the additives correspond to second metallic nanowires, the second metallic nanowires are embedded into the surface of the substrate within areas of the surface corresponding to the lower sheet conductance portions, and the second metallic nanowires are treated to inhibit at least one of formation of a percolating network and conductivity of the network.
2. The patterned transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein a sheet resistance of the lower sheet conductance portions is at least 100 times a sheet resistance of the higher sheet conductance portions, and the higher sheet conductance portions are electrically isolated from one another.
3. The patterned transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein the first metallic nanowires include silver nanowires.
4. The patterned transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein:
a difference in transmittance values of the higher sheet conductance portions and the lower sheet conductance portions is no greater than 5%, with respect to a wavelength of 550 nm; and
a difference in haze values of the higher sheet conductance portions and the lower sheet conductance portions is no greater than 5%, with respect to a wavelength of 550 nm.
5. The patterned transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein an extent of embedding of the second metallic nanowires within the lower sheet conductance portions is greater than an extent of embedding of the first metallic nanowires within the higher sheet conductance portions.
6. A patterned transparent conductor comprising:
a substrate; and
metallic nanowires at least partially embedded into a surface of the substrate and localized adjacent to the surface according to a pattern to form higher sheet conductance portions, wherein the higher sheet conductance portions are laterally adjacent to lower sheet conductance portions, wherein the patterned transparent conductor further comprises additives included in the lower sheet conductance portions, wherein the patterned transparent conductor further comprises a patterned layer covering areas of the surface corresponding to the lower sheet conductance portions, and the additives are at least partially incorporated in the patterned layer.
7. A touch screen device comprising the patterned transparent conductor of claim 1 .
8. A patterned transparent conductor comprising:
a substrate;
a coating disposed over at least one side of the substrate; and
metallic nanowires embedded into a surface of the coating according to a pattern to form higher sheet conductance portions, wherein the metallic nanowires are localized within a depth from the surface that is less than a thickness of the coating, and the higher sheet conductance portions are spaced apart by gaps that correspond to lower sheet conductance portions, wherein the patterned transparent conductor further comprises additives included in the lower sheet conductance portions, wherein the metallic nanowires correspond to first metallic nanowires, the additives correspond to second metallic nanowires, the second metallic nanowires are embedded into the surface of the coating within areas of the surface corresponding to the lower sheet conductance portions, and the second metallic nanowires are treated to inhibit at least one of formation of a percolating network and conductivity of the network.
9. The patterned transparent conductor of claim 8 , wherein the first metallic nanowires include silver nanowires.
10. The patterned transparent conductor of claim 8 , wherein a difference in absorbance values of the higher sheet conductance portions and the lower sheet conductance portions is no greater than 5%, with respect to a wavelength of 550 nm.
11. The patterned transparent conductor of claim 8 , wherein a surface coverage of the second metallic nanowires within the lower sheet conductance portions is less than a surface coverage of the first metallic nanowires within the higher sheet conductance portions.
12. A touch screen device comprising the patterned transparent conductor of claim 8 .
13. A patterned transparent conductor comprising:
a substrate;
a patterned layer covering an area of the substrate and exposing a laterally adjacent area of the substrate; and
additives embedded into a surface of the substrate within the exposed area of the substrate to form a conductive trace, wherein the additives are localized within a depth from the surface that is less than a thickness of the substrate, wherein the additives correspond to first additives, and the patterned transparent conductor further comprises second additives at least partially incorporated in the patterned layer, wherein the first additives have an aspect ratio of at least 3, and the second additives have an aspect ratio less than 3.
14. The patterned transparent conductor of claim 13 , wherein a sheet resistance of the conductive trace is no greater than 500 Ω/sq, and a sheet resistance of the patterned layer is at least 10,000 Ω/sq.
15. The patterned transparent conductor of claim 13 , wherein the first additives are localized within the depth from the surface that is no greater than 50% of the thickness of the substrate.
16. The patterned transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first metallic nanowires is partially embedded into the surface of the substrate.
17. The patterned transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first metallic nanowires includes a portion exposed at or above the surface of the substrate.
18. The patterned transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein the substrate is selected from a polycarbonate film, an acrylic polymer film, a polystyrene film, a cyclic olefin polymer film, and a cyclic olefin copolymer film.
19. The patterned transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein the second metallic nanowires are treated to inhibit or degrade junctions between at least some of the second metallic nanowires.
20. The patterned transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein the second metallic nanowires are treated to at least one of (a) chemically degrade and (b) physically degrade junctions between at least some of the second metallic nanowires.
21. The patterned transparent conductor of claim 1 , wherein the second metallic nanowires are treated to partially degrade at least some of the second metallic nanowires.
22. The patterned transparent conductor of claim 8 , wherein at least one of the first metallic nanowires is partially embedded into the surface of the coating.
23. The patterned transparent conductor of claim 8 , wherein at least one of the first metallic nanowires includes a portion exposed at or above the surface of the coating.
24. The patterned transparent conductor of claim 8 , wherein the coating is selected from (a) a coating of an acrylic polymer, (b) a coating of a polyurethane, (c) a coating of an epoxy-containing resin, and (d) a coating of a polyimide.
25. The patterned transparent conductor of claim 8 , wherein the second metallic nanowires are treated to inhibit or degrade junctions between at least some of the second metallic nanowires.
26. The patterned transparent conductor of claim 8 , wherein the second metallic nanowires are treated to partially degrade at least some of the second metallic nanowires.