Resonator electrode shields
A MEMS resonator system that reduces interference signals arising from undesired capacitive coupling between different system elements. The system, in one embodiment, includes a MEMS resonator, electrodes, and at least one resonator electrode shield. In certain embodiments, the resonator electrode shield ensures that the resonator electrodes interact with either one or more shunting nodes or the active elements of the MEMS resonator by preventing or reducing, among other things, capacitive coupling between the resonator electrodes and the support and auxiliary elements of the MEMS resonator structure. By reducing the deleterious effects of interfering signals using one or more resonator electrode shields, a simpler, lower interference, and more efficient system relative to prior art approaches is presented.
1. A microelectromechanical system (MEMS) resonator comprising:
a resonant semiconductor structure including a first resonator beam that extends from a support element;
a first drive electrode disposed in proximity to the first resonator beam to generate, in response to a time-varying drive signal, a time-varying electrostatic force that causes the first resonator beam to oscillate in a resonant mode;
a first sense electrode to generate, in response to oscillation of the first resonator beam, a timing reference signal having a frequency corresponding to the oscillation frequency of the first resonator beam; and
a first semiconductor shielding structure coupled to a reference voltage node and physically disposed between the first drive electrode and the first sense electrode, the first semiconductor shielding structure being sufficiently doped to enable conduction of a first current to the voltage reference node.
2. The MEMS resonator of claim 1 wherein the first current is induced within the first semiconductor shielding structure as a consequence of application of the time-varying drive signal to the first drive electrode.
3. The MEMS resonator of claim 1 wherein the support element comprises at least one of an isolation structure, a flexure, or an anchor-interconnect structure.
4. The MEMS resonator of claim 1 wherein the first semiconductor shielding structure comprises doped silicon.
5. The MEMS resonator of claim 1 wherein the reference voltage node is a ground node.
6. The MEMS resonator of claim 1 further comprising a second semiconductor shielding structure coupled to the voltage reference node and physically disposed between the first sense electrode and the support element of the resonant semiconductor structure, the second semiconductor shielding structure being sufficiently doped to enable conduction of a second current to the reference voltage node.
7. The MEMS resonator of claim 1 further comprising a second semiconductor shielding structure coupled to the reference voltage node and physically disposed between the first drive electrode and the support element of the resonant semiconductor structure, the second semiconductor shielding structure being sufficiently doped to enable conduction of a second current to the reference voltage node.
8. The MEMS resonator of claim 1 wherein the resonant semiconductor structure comprises a second resonator beam that extends from the support element and that oscillates in the resonant mode in response to oscillation of the first resonator beam, and wherein the first sense electrode to generate the timing reference signal in response to oscillation of the first resonator beam comprises a sense electrode disposed in proximity to the second resonator beam to detect oscillation thereof.
9. The MEMS resonator of claim 1 wherein the resonant semiconductor structure comprises a second resonator beam that extends from the support element, and wherein the MEMS resonator further comprises:
a second drive electrode disposed in proximity to the second resonator beam to generate, in response to the time-varying drive signal, a time-varying electrostatic force that causes the second resonator beam to oscillate in the resonant mode; and
a second semiconductor shielding structure coupled to the reference voltage node and physically disposed between the second drive electrode and the support element of the resonant semiconductor structure, the second semiconductor shielding structure being sufficiently doped to enable current conduction to the reference voltage node.
10. The MEMS resonator of claim 1 further comprising a second drive electrode disposed opposite the first resonator beam from the first drive electrode, the first and second drive electrodes operating differentially to generate the time-varying electrostatic force that causes the first resonator beam to oscillate in the resonant mode.
11. The MEMS resonator of claim 1 further comprising a second sense electrode, the first and second sense electrodes operating differentially to generate, as the timing reference signal, a differential timing reference signal having a frequency corresponding to the oscillation frequency of the first resonator beam.
12. A method of operation within a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) resonator, the method comprising:
providing a time-varying signal to a first drive electrode to generate a time-varying electrostatic force that causes a first resonator beam to oscillate in a resonant mode, the first resonator beam extending from a support element of the MEMS resonator;
generating, in a first sense electrode responsive to oscillation of the first resonator beam, a timing reference signal having a frequency corresponding to the oscillation frequency of the first resonator beam; and
conducting a first induced current to a reference voltage node via a first doped semiconductor shielding structure physically disposed between the first drive electrode and the first sense electrode.
13. The method of claim 12 wherein the first induced current is induced within the first semiconductor shielding structure as a consequence of application of the time-varying drive signal to the first drive electrode.
14. The method of claim 12 wherein the support element comprises at least one of an isolation structure, a flexure, or an anchor-interconnect structure.
15. The method of claim 12 wherein the first doped semiconductor shielding structure comprises doped silicon.
16. The method of claim 12 further comprising conducting a second induced current to the reference voltage node via a second doped semiconductor shielding structure physically disposed between the first sense electrode and the support element.
17. The method of claim 12 further comprising conducting a second induced current to the reference voltage node via a second doped semiconductor shielding structure physically disposed between the first drive electrode and the support element.
18. The method of claim 12 wherein the MEMS resonator comprises a second resonator beam that extends from the support element and that oscillates in the resonant mode in response to oscillation of the first resonator beam, and wherein generating the timing reference signal in the first sense electrode in response to oscillation of the first resonator beam comprises detecting oscillation of the second resonator beam within the first sense electrode.
19. The method of claim 12 further comprising:
a second drive electrode disposed opposite the first resonator beam from the first drive electrode, the first and second drive electrodes operating differentially to generate the time-varying electrostatic force that causes the first resonator beam to oscillate in the resonant mode; and
a second sense electrode, the first and second sense electrodes operating differentially to generate, as the timing reference signal, a differential timing reference signal having a frequency corresponding to the oscillation frequency of the first resonator beam.
20. A microelectromechanical system (MEMS) resonator comprising:
a resonant semiconductor structure including a resonator beam that extends from a support element;
means for generating, within a drive electrode, a time-varying electrostatic force that causes the resonator beam to oscillate in a resonant mode;
means for generating, in a sense electrode responsive to oscillation of the resonator beam, a timing reference signal having a frequency corresponding to the oscillation frequency of the resonator beam; and
conductive shielding means, physically disposed between the drive electrode and the sense electrode, for conducting a first induced current to a reference voltage node.