Screening method

1. A method of diagnosing the susceptibility of an individual suffering from cancer to treatment with an HDAC inhibitor, the method comprising assessing the level of expression or activity of a gene's expression product in a sample from a patient and comparing said level of expression or activity to a reference, wherein a level of expression or activity that is different to said reference is indicative of an altered susceptibility to treatment with the HDAC inhibitor relative to the reference state, wherein said gene is hHRAD23B (human rad 23B), wherein the expression product is a protein, and wherein the protein is detected by an antibody that binds specifically to the hHRAD23B protein, and wherein the sample comprises tumor cells.

2. The method of claim 1 , wherein a level that is significantly higher than the reference level indicates that the individual is more susceptible to treatment with an HDAC inhibitor, and wherein if a significantly higher level is detected then the method further comprises referring the patient for treatment with the HDAC inhibitor.

3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprises treating said patient with an HDAC inhibitor if they are found to be susceptible to treatment with an HDAC inhibitor.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein a level that is significantly lower than the reference level is indicative of an individual's potential resistance to treatment with the HDAC inhibitor.

5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the hHRAD23B gene is a nucleic acid molecule, which:

(a) comprises a hHRAD23B sequence recited in accession number NM_002874.3 (SEQ ID NO:25); or

(b) is a fragment of a sequence according to (a).

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the expression product is a protein, which:

(a) has an amino acid sequence encoded by a nucleic acid sequence of claim 5 (a); or

(b) is a fragment of a protein according to (a), provided that said fragment retains a biological activity possessed by the full length polypeptide of (a) of modulating the transfer of proteins from the site of ubiquitination to the proteasome, or has an antigenic determinant in common with the polypeptide of (a).

7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method of diagnosis is facilitated by an array comprising at least two different types of antibody species, wherein each antibody species is immunospecific with a hHRAD23B protein.

8. The method of claim 1 , wherein said sample is a tissue sample.

9. The method of claim 8 , wherein said sample is blood, urine, saliva, or a specific tissue biopsy.

10. A kit for diagnosing the susceptibility of an individual suffering from a disease to treatment with an HDAC inhibitor comprising:

(a) one or more antibodies that binds to hHRAD23B; and

(b) a reagent useful for the detection of a binding reaction between the antibody and the protein.

11. A method of treating a patient with a proliferative disease such as cancer or a disease or condition which involves a change in cell differentiation or growth rate, wherein said treatment comprises administering an HDAC inhibitor, and wherein said patient has been identified as susceptible to HDAC inhibitor treatment using the method of claim 1 .

12. The method of claim 11 , wherein said treating comprises administering hHRAD23B protein or nucleic acid molecule in conjunction with the HDAC inhibitor by separate, simultaneous or sequential administration.

13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the method additionally comprises monitoring the therapeutic treatment of the disease or physiological condition in a patient, comprising monitoring over a period of time the level of expression or activity of a HR23B protein or nucleic acid molecule, in a sample from said patient, wherein altering said level of expression or activity over the period of time towards a control level is indicative of regression of said disease or physiological condition.

14. A method of diagnosing the susceptibility of an individual suffering from a disease to treatment with an HDAC inhibitor, the method comprising assessing the level of expression of a gene or the sequence of a gene in a sample from a patient and comparing said level of expression or sequence to a reference, wherein a level of expression or sequence that is different to said reference is indicative of an altered susceptibility to treatment with the HDAC inhibitor relative to the reference state, and wherein said gene is hHRAD23B (human rad 23B), wherein the method comprises the steps of:

(a) isolating a nucleic acid molecule encoding hHRAD23B from a sample from a patient being tested for disease; and

(b) diagnosing the patient by detecting the presence of a mutation which is associated with an altered susceptibility to treatment with the HDAC inhibitor,

or wherein the method comprises the steps of:

(i) contacting a sample of tissue from the patient with a nucleic acid probe under stringent conditions that allow the formation of a hybrid complex between a nucleic acid molecule coding for hHRAD23B and the probe;

(ii) contacting a reference sample with the probe under the same conditions used in step (i); and

(iii) detecting the presence of hybrid complexes in said samples.

15. A method of diagnosing the susceptibility of an individual suffering from cancer to treatment with an HDAC inhibitor, the method comprising assessing the level of expression or activity of a gene or its expression products, or the sequence of a gene, in a sample from a patient and comparing said level of expression or activity or sequence to a reference, wherein a level of expression or activity or sequence that is different to said reference is indicative of an altered susceptibility to treatment with the HDAC inhibitor relative to the reference state, wherein said gene is hHRAD23B (human rad 23B), and wherein the disease is cancer, and wherein the sample comprises tumor cells.

16. A method of diagnosing the susceptibility of an individual suffering from cancer to treatment with an HDAC inhibitor, the method comprising assessing the level of expression or activity of a gene or its expression products, or the sequence of a gene, in a sample from a patient and comparing said level of expression or activity or sequence to a reference,

wherein a level of expression or activity or sequence that is different to said reference is indicative of an altered susceptibility to treatment with the HDAC inhibitor relative to the reference state, and wherein said gene is hHRAD23B (human rad 23B),

wherein a level that is significantly higher than the reference level indicates that the individual is more susceptible to treatment with an HDAC inhibitor, and

wherein if a significantly higher level is detected then the method further comprises treating said patient with an HDAC inhibitor, and wherein the sample comprises tumor cells.

17. The method of claim 14 , wherein the method of diagnosis is facilitated by an array comprising at least two nucleic acid molecules, wherein each of said nucleic acid molecules corresponds to the sequence of, is complementary to the sequence of, or hybridises specifically to a hHRAD23B nucleic acid molecule.