Enamel and ground coat compositions
View Patent ↗A composition that upon firing, forms a non-stick enamel layer is disclosed. The composition can be applied to a metal substrate to provide a non-stick, durable coating for cooking surfaces. Also disclosed are methods of forming enamel layers and corresponding coated substrates. Various ground coats and related methods are also described. Furthermore, various multilayer coatings and structures are disclosed that include an enamel layer and a ground coat layer.
1. A composition adapted for forming an enamel coating, the composition prior to firing, comprising:
(i) a glass component including:
from about 7.1% to about 7.9% Na 2 O;
from about 7.0% to about 7.7% K 2 O;
from about 0.6% to about 1.0% ZnO;
from about 2.7% to about 3.3% BaO;
from about 19.3% to about 20.7% Al 2 O 3 ;
from about 10.8% to about 11.8% SiO 2 ;
from about 0.7% to about 1.2% TiO 2 ;
from about 14.4% to about 15.6% ZrO 2 ;
from about 29.2% to about 31.3% P 2 O 5 ;
from about 0.1% to about 5.2% CO 2 O 3 ; and
(ii) an effective amount of at least one additive selected from the group consisting of fluorine and NO 2 .
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the glass component (i) further includes:
from about 0% to about 1.1% NiO;
from about 0% to about 0.7% CuO;
from about 0% to about 0.8% MnO 2 ; and
from about 0% to about 1.1% Cr 2 O 3 .
3. The composition of claim 2 wherein the glass component (i) includes:
from about 7.2% to about 7.8% Na 2 O;
from about 7.1% to about 7.6% K 2 O;
from about 0.7% to about 0.9% ZnO;
from about 2.8% to about 3.2% BaO;
from about 19.4% to about 20.5% Al 2 O 3 ;
from about 10.9% to about 11.7% SiO 2 ;
from about 0.8% to about 1.1% TiO 2 ;
from about 14.5% to about 15.5% ZrO 2 ;
from about 29.4% to about 31.2% P 2 O 5 ;
from about 0% to about 1.0% NiO;
from about 0% to about 0.6% CuO;
from about 0.2% to about 5.0% CO 2 O 3 ;
from about 0% to about 0.7% MnO 2 ; and
from about 0% to about 1.0% Cr 2 O 3 .
4. The composition of claim 3 wherein the glass component (i) includes:
from about 7.32% to about 7.72% Na 2 O;
from about 7.15% to about 7.54% K 2 O;
from about 0.77% to about 0.83% ZnO;
from about 2.92% to about 3.12% BaO;
from about 19.5% to about 20.45% Al 2 O 3 ;
from about 11.00% to about 11.63% SiO 2 ;
from about 0.90% to about 1.00% TiO 2 ;
from about 14.60% to about 15.41% ZrO 2 ;
from about 29.50% to about 31.15% P 2 O 5 ;
from about 0% to about 0.93% NiO;
from about 0% to about 0.51% CuO;
from about 0.34% to about 4.90% Co 2 O 3 ;
from about 0% to about 0.59% MnO 2 ; and
from about 0% to about 0.90% Cr 2 O 3 .
5. The composition of claim 2 wherein the glass component (i) includes:
about 7.6% Na 2 O;
about 7.4% K 2 O;
about 0.8% ZnO;
about 3.1% BaO;
about 20.3% Al 2 O 3 ;
about 11.5% SiO 2 ;
about 1.0% TiO 2 ;
about 15.2% ZrO 2 ;
about 30.8% P 2 O 5 ;
about 0.9% NiO;
about 0.5% CuO;
about 0.4% Co 2 O 3 ; and
about 0.6% MnO 2 .
6. The composition of claim 2 wherein the glass component (i) includes:
about 7.6% Na 2 O;
about 7.4% K 2 O;
about 0.8% ZnO;
about 3.1% BaO;
about 20.2% Al 2 O 3 ;
about 11.5% SiO 2 ;
about 1.0% TiO 2 ;
about 15.2% ZrO 2 ;
about 30.8% P 2 O 5 ;
about 1.6% Co 2 O 3 ; and
about 0.9% Cr 2 O 3 .
7. The composition of claim 2 wherein the glass component (i) includes:
about 7.7% Na 2 O;
about 7.5% K 2 O;
about 0.8% ZnO;
about 3.1% BaO;
about 20.4% Al 2 O 3 ;
about 11.6% SiO 2 ;
about 1.0% TiO 2 ;
about 15.4% ZrO 2 ;
about 31.1% P 2 O 5 ;
about 0.9% Co 2 O 3 ; and
about 0.4% Cr 2 O 3 .
8. The composition of claim 2 wherein the glass component (i) includes:
about 7.4% Na 2 O;
about 7.2% K 2 O;
about 0.8% ZnO;
about 3.0% BaO;
about 19.5% Al 2 O 3 ;
about 11.1% SiO 2 ;
about 0.9% TiO 2 ;
about 14.7% ZrO 2 ;
about 29.7% P 2 O 5 ;
about 0.9% NiO;
about 0.5% CuO;
about 0.4% Co 2 O 3 ; and
about 0.6% MnO 2 .
9. The composition of claim 2 wherein the glass component (i) includes:
about 7.4% Na 2 O;
about 7.2% K 2 O;
about 0.8% ZnO;
about 3.0% BaO;
about 19.6% Al 2 O 3 ;
about 11.2% SiO 2 ;
about 0.9% TiO 2 ;
about 14.8% ZrO 2 ;
about 29.9% P 2 O 5 ;
about 0.5% NiO; and
about 4.9% Co 2 O 3 .
10. The composition of claim 2 wherein the glass component (i) includes:
from about 7.1% to about Na 2 O;
about 7.6% K 2 O;
about 0.8% ZnO;
about 3.1% BaO;
about 20.5% Al 2 O 3 ;
about 11.7% SiO 2 ;
about 1.0% TiO 2 ;
about 15.5% ZrO 2 ;
about 31.3% P 2 O 5 ; and
about 0.9% Co 2 O 3 .
11. An enamel coated substrate, the enamel coating having a composition prior to firing that comprises: (i) a glass component and (ii) an effective amount of at least one additive,
wherein the at least one additive is selected from the group consisting of fluorine and NO 2 , and wherein the glass component includes from about 7.1% to about 7.9% Na 2 O, from about 7.0% to about 7.7% K 2 O, from about 0.6% to about 1.0% ZnO, from about 2.7% to about 3.3% BaO, from about 19.3% to about 20.7% Al 2 O 3 , from about 10.8% to about 11.8% SiO 2 , from about 0.7% to about 1.2% TiO 2 , from about 14.4% to about 15.6% ZrO 2 , from about 29.2% to about 31.3% P 2 O 5 , and from about 0.1% to about 5.2% Co 2 O 3 .
12. The coated substrate of claim 11 wherein the substrate is selected from the group consisting of steel and aluminum.
13. The coated substrate of claim 11 wherein the composition is disposed on a ground coat.
14. The coated substrate of claim 11 wherein the ground coat is disposed on a substrate selected from the group consisting of steel and aluminum.