Systems and methods for renewable fuel
The present application generally relates to the introduction of a renewable fuel oil as a feedstock into refinery systems or field upgrading equipment. For example, the present application is directed to methods of introducing a liquid thermally produced from biomass into a petroleum conversion unit; for example, a refinery fluid catalytic cracker (FCC), a coker, a field upgrader system, a hydrocracker, and/or hydrotreating unit; for co-processing with petroleum fractions, petroleum fraction reactants, and/or petroleum fraction feedstocks and the products, e.g., fuels, and uses and value of the products resulting therefrom.
1. A fuel, comprising:
a gasoline and a light cycle oil, the gasoline and light cycle oil comprising at least 70 vol.% of a product stream of a fluidized catalytic cracker, the fluidized catalytic cracker co-processing a petroleum fraction and a non-hydrodeoxygenated renewable fuel oil mixture,
said non-hydrodeoxygenated renewable fuel oil mixture comprising:
a) non-hydrodeoxygenated renewable fuel oil having an oxygen content in the range of 20-50 wt.%; and
b) vacuum gas oil.
2. The fuel of claim 1 , wherein the petroleum fraction comprises a further vacuum gas oil.
3. The fuel of claim 1 , wherein the petroleum fraction and the vacuum gas oil are derived from a common feed stream in a refinery.
4. The fuel of claim 1 , wherein the non-hydrodeoxygenated renewable fuel oil is derived from thermal conversion of one or more of glucose, fructose, or maltose.
5. The fuel of claim 1 , wherein the non-hydrodeoxygenated renewable fuel oil mixture further comprises a surfactant.
6. The fuel of claim 1 , wherein the biomass is a cellulosic biomass.
7. The fuel of claim 1 , wherein the non-hydrodeoxygenated renewable fuel oil mixture comprises between 40-60 wt.% of the renewable fuel oil.
8. The fuel of claim 1 , wherein the non-hydrodeoxygenated renewable fuel oil mixture is a suspension.
9. The fuel of claim 1 , wherein the non-hydrodeoxygenated renewable fuel oil mixture is a dispersion.
10. The fuel of claim 1 , wherein the non-hydrodeoxygenated renewable fuel oil mixture is a two part system.
11. The fuel of claim 1 , wherein the non-hydrodeoxygenated renewable fuel oil mixture is formed in a high shear mixer.
12. The fuel of claim 1 , wherein the non-hydrodeoxygenated renewable fuel oil mixture is formed in an ultrasonic mixer.
13. The fuel of claim 1 , wherein the non-hydrodeoxygenated renewable fuel oil mixture is formed in an in-line mixer.
14. The fuel of claim 1 , wherein the non-hydrodeoxygenated renewable fuel oil is a fraction of a liquid product of a non-catalytic thermal conversion of a cellulosic biomass.
15. The fuel of claim 1 , wherein the non-hydrodeoxygenated renewable fuel oil is a fraction of a liquid product of a catalytic conversion of a cellulosic biomass.
16. The fuel of claim 1 , wherein the fuel is a D-Code 3-compliant fuel and/or a D-Code 7-compliant fuel.
17. A method of making the fuel of claim 1 , comprising: forming the non-hydrodeoxygenated renewable fuel oil by non-catalytic thermal conversion of a biomass.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the non-catalytic thermal conversion is fast pyrolysis.
19. The method of claim 17 , wherein the biomass is a cellulosic biomass.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the cellulosic biomass is a partially de-lignified wood.