Combined splitter, isolator and spot-size converter
View Patent ↗An integrated and compact multifunctional optical isolator (i.e., a combined splitter, isolator, and spot-size converter), which is suitable for use in a TOSA, includes input optics including a first polarizer, a Faraday rotator, and a second polarizer. The input optics include a wedge having a partially reflective coating disposed on a first face thereof. The input beam is incident on the first face at a non-normal angle of incidence such light passing through the wedge is refracted to a second face of the wedge, which is tilted relative to the first face by a predetermined wedge angle. At least one of the non-normal angle of incidence and the predetermined wedge angle is determined dependence upon a refractive index of the wedge material and a target anamorphic magnification of the input beam of light.
1. A multifunctional optical isolator comprising:
an input port for transmitting an input beam of light;
input optics optically disposed between the input port and an output port, the input optics comprising a first polarizer for transmitting light having a first polarization;
a second polarizer optically disposed between the input optics and the output port oriented to transmit light having a second polarization, the first polarization being different than the second polarization; and
a non-reciprocal rotator optically disposed between the input optics and the second polarizer oriented to rotate a polarization of light transmitted therethrough such that light propagating in a forward propagating direction having the first polarization passes through the second polarizer to the output port, and light propagating in a backward propagation direction having the second polarization is not passed through the first polarizer to the input port,
wherein the input optics comprises a wedge having a partially reflective coating disposed on a first face thereof, the partially reflective coating for reflecting a first portion of the input beam of light away from the wedge and allowing a second portion of the input beam of light to pass into the wedge, the first face oriented to receive the input beam of light at a non-normal angle of incidence and refracting the second portion of the input beam of light to a second face of the wedge, the first face tilted relative to the second face by a predetermined wedge angle, at least one of the non-normal angle of incidence or the predetermined wedge angle determined in dependence upon a refractive index of a wedge material and a target anamorphic magnification of the input beam of light.
2. The multifunctional optical isolator of claim 1 , wherein the first polarization is parallel to a first axis and the second polarization is at 45° to the first axis.
3. The multifunctional optical isolator of claim 2 , wherein the second polarizer is an absorptive polarizer having a polarization axis substantially at 45° to the first axis, and the non-reciprocal rotator is a Faraday rotator for rotating the polarization of light transmitted from the input optics by 45°.
4. The multifunctional optical isolator of claim 3 , wherein the first polarizer is an absorptive polarizer having a polarization axis substantially parallel to the first axis, and wherein the wedge is a glass wedge coupled to the first polarizer.
5. The multifunctional optical isolator of claim 3 , wherein the first polarizer and the wedge are integrated in a single birefringent wedge, the birefringent wedge having an optic axis substantially parallel to the first axis.
6. The multifunctional optical isolator of claim 3 , wherein the wedge is formed from an isotropic material, and wherein the first polarizer and partially reflective coating are integrated in a single polarization dependent coating disposed on the first face.
7. The multifunctional optical isolator of claim 3 , wherein the wedge is formed from an isotropic material, and wherein the partially reflective coating includes the first polarizer.
8. The multifunctional optical isolator of claim 3 , wherein the wedge is formed from an isotropic material, and wherein the partially reflective coating provides partial reflection for p-polarized light and high reflection for s-polarized light.
9. The multifunctional optical isolator of claim 3 , wherein the wedge angle is between 10° and 50°.
10. The multifunctional optical isolator of claim 1 , wherein the input beam of light is a substantially collimated beam of light having an elliptical cross-section.
11. The multifunctional optical isolator of claim 1 , wherein the input optics, the non-reciprocal rotator, and the second polarizer are coupled together with a transparent epoxy.
12. The multifunctional optical isolator of claim 1 , wherein the input port is for optically coupling to a laser diode that provides the input beam of light, and the output port is for optically coupling to an optical fiber.
13. The multifunctional optical isolator of claim 12 , further comprising:
a first lens disposed between the laser diode and the input optics and a second lens disposed between the second polarizer and the optical fiber.
14. The multifunctional optical isolator of claim 12 , wherein the first face is oriented such that the first portion of the input beam of light is directed towards a monitor, the monitor configured to monitor at least one of a wavelength or a power of the input beam of light.
15. The multifunctional optical isolator of claim 12 , wherein the input optics, the non-reciprocal rotator, and the second polarizer form an integrated component for use in Transmit Optical Subassembly.
16. A multifunctional optical isolator comprising:
an input port for transmitting an input beam of light;
a first polarizer optically disposed between the input port and an output port oriented to transmit light having a first polarization, the first polarizer comprising a birefringent crystal having an optic axis substantially parallel to the first polarization, the birefringent crystal having a first face having a partially reflective coating disposed thereon, the partially reflective coating for reflecting a first portion of the input beam of light away from the birefringent crystal and allowing a second portion of the input beam of light to pass into the birefringent crystal, the first face oriented to receive the input beam of light at a non-normal angle of incidence and refract the second portion of the input beam of light to a second face of a wedge, the first face tilted relative to the second face by a predetermined wedge angle, at least one of the non-normal angle of incidence or the predetermined wedge angle determined in dependence upon a refractive index of the birefringent crystal and a target anamorphic magnification of the input beam of light;
a second polarizer optically disposed between the first polarizer and the output port oriented to transmit light having a second polarization, the first polarization being different than the second polarization; and
a non-reciprocal rotator optically disposed between the first polarizer and the second polarizer oriented to rotate a polarization of light transmitted therethrough such that light propagating in a forward propagating direction having the first polarization passes through the second polarizer to the output port, and light propagating in a backward propagation direction having the second polarization is not passed through the first polarizer to the input port.
17. The multifunction optical isolator of claim 16 , wherein the wedge angle is between 10° and 50°.
18. The multifunctional optical isolator of claim 16 , wherein the first polarizer, the non-reciprocal rotator, and the second polarizer form an integrated component for use in Transmit Optical Subassembly.
19. A multifunctional optical isolator comprising:
an input port for transmitting an input beam of light;
a first polarizer optically disposed between the input port and an output port oriented to transmit light having a first polarization, the first polarizer comprising a polarization dependent coating deposited on a first face of a wedge, the polarization dependent coating for reflecting a first portion of the input beam of light having the first polarization away from the wedge and allowing a second portion of the input beam of light having the first polarization to pass into the wedge, the first face oriented to receive the input beam of light at a non-normal angle of incidence and refracting the second portion of the input beam of light to a second face of the wedge, the first face tilted relative to the second face by a predetermined wedge angle, at least one of the non-normal angle of incidence or the predetermined wedge angle determined in dependence upon a refractive index of a wedge material and a target anamorphic magnification of the input beam of light;
a second polarizer optically disposed between the first polarizer and the output port oriented to transmit light having a second polarization, the first polarization being different than the second polarization; and
a non-reciprocal rotator optically disposed between the first polarizer and the second polarizer for rotating a polarization of light transmitted therethrough such that light propagating in a forward propagating direction having the first polarization passes through the second polarizer to the output port, and light propagating in a backward propagation direction having the second polarization is not passed through the first polarizer to the input port.
20. The multifunction optical isolator of claim 19 , wherein the wedge angle is between 10° and 50°.
21. The multifunctional optical isolator of claim 19 , wherein the first polarizer, the non-reciprocal rotator, and the second polarizer form an integrated component for use in Transmit Optical Subassembly.