Method of manufacturing a radiation-resistant optical fiber, radiation-resistant optical fiber and device including such a fiber
A method of manufacturing a radiation-resistant optical fiber and a thus-obtained radiation-resistant optical fiber, the method includes the following steps: a) manufacturing a silica optical fiber preform; b) forming, in the preform, a longitudinal cavity; c) drawing the preform so as to form an optical fiber ( 1 ) including a core ( 2 ), an optical cladding ( 6 ) and at least one longitudinal cavity ( 3 ) having at least one opening ( 13 ) at one end of the optical fiber ( 1 ); d) applying, during step c) of fiber drawing, a gas-tight coating ( 4 ); e) exposing the optical fiber ( 1 ) to a gaseous substance, including preferably gaseous hydrogen and/or gaseous deuterium, in such a way to incorporate the gaseous substance in silica via the opening ( 13 ); and f) closing any opening ( 13 ) at both ends of the optical fiber.
1. A method of manufacturing a radiation-resistant optical fiber, the method comprising the following steps:
a. Manufacturing a silica optical fiber preform having a longitudinal axis, a core and an optical cladding;
b. Forming, in the preform, at least one longitudinal cavity;
c. Drawing said preform so as to form a silica optical fiber comprising a core, an optical cladding and at least one longitudinal cavity, said longitudinal cavity having at least one opening at one end of the optical fiber;
d. Applying, during step c) of fiber drawing, a gas-tight coating, while keeping said at least one opening towards a longitudinal cavity at one end of the optical fiber;
e. Exposing the optical fiber to a gaseous substance, comprising gaseous hydrogen and/or gaseous deuterium, in conditions of controlled pressure, temperature and duration of exposure so as to incorporate a determined quantity of said gaseous substance in the silica via said at least one opening;
f. Closing any opening at both ends of the optical fiber so as to form an optical fiber incorporating said gaseous substance and said optical fiber being tight to the diffusion of said gaseous substance outside the optical fiber.
2. The method of manufacturing a radiation-resistant optical fiber according to claim 1 , wherein step b) of forming, in the preform, at least one longitudinal cavity comprises the formation of a longitudinal groove in said preform or the formation of a cylindrical hole of axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the preform or the assembly of a hollow tube.
3. The method of manufacturing a radiation-resistant optical fiber according to claim 1 , wherein step f) of closing comprises a step of welding one end of said optical fiber to another solid optical fiber and/or a step of necking welding one end of the optical fiber, said necking welding being adapted to close said optical fiber end.
4. The method of manufacturing a radiation-resistant optical fiber according to claim 1 , comprising, following step e) of incorporating a gaseous substance and before step f) of closing, an additional step of desorbing said incorporated gaseous species so as to reduce the incorporated gaseous species concentration in the optical fiber.
5. The method of manufacturing a radiation-resistant optical fiber according to claim 1 , comprising a step of measuring the optical transmission or the optical back-scattering through the core of the optical fiber during step c) of injecting a gaseous substance and/or during step e) of exposing to a gaseous substance and/or during the step of desorption of said incorporated gaseous species, so as to measure the quantity of gaseous substance incorporated in the silica fiber.
6. The method of manufacturing a radiation-resistant optical fiber according to claim 1 , wherein said optical fiber includes a second cladding surrounding the first optical cladding and wherein said longitudinal cavity is located in the first optical cladding.
7. The method of manufacturing a radiation-resistant optical fiber according to claim 1 , wherein said gaseous substance is chosen among gaseous hydrogen and/or gaseous deuterium.
8. A radiation-resistant silica optical fiber comprising:
a core;
an optical cladding;
wherein said optical fiber further includes:
at least one longitudinal cavity arranged inside the optical cladding, the longitudinal cavity being closed at both ends of the optical fiber,
said silica optical fiber comprising a determined concentration of gaseous substance, comprising gaseous hydrogen and/or gaseous deuterium; and
a coating tight to the diffusion of said gaseous substance.
9. The radiation-resistant silica optical fiber according to claim 8 , wherein the core of the optical fiber comprises one or several elements among: silicon, germanium, phosphorus, aluminum, boron, fluorine and/or one or several rare-earth dopants among lanthanum, cerium, erbium, ytterbium, neodymium, thulium and/or holmium.
10. The radiation-resistant silica optical fiber according to claim 8 , wherein said optical fiber is a microstructured optical fiber, a photonic crystal optical fiber, an air-clad fiber, a polarization-maintaining optical fiber, a polarizing optical fiber, a double-clad optical fiber, a multi-core optical fiber or a multi-clad optical fiber.
11. An optic-fiber device comprising at least one radiation-resistant silica optical fiber according to claim 8 .
12. The method of manufacturing a radiation-resistant optical fiber according to claim 1 , wherein said gas-tight coating is made of carbon or metal.
13. The method of manufacturing a radiation-resistant optical fiber according to claim 2 , wherein step f) of closing comprises a step of welding one end of said optical fiber to another solid optical fiber and/or a step of necking welding one end of the optical fiber, said necking welding being adapted to close said optical fiber end.
14. The method of manufacturing a radiation-resistant optical fiber according to claim 4 , comprising a step of measuring the optical transmission or the optical back-scattering through the core of the optical fiber during step c) of injecting a gaseous substance and/or during step e) of exposing to a gaseous substance and/or during the step of desorption of said incorporated gaseous species, so as to measure the quantity of gaseous substance incorporated in the silica fiber.
15. The radiation-resistant silica optical fiber according to claim 8 , wherein the tight coating is made of carbon or metal.
16. The radiation-resistant silica optical fiber according to claim 15 , wherein the core of the optical fiber comprises one or several elements among: silicon, germanium, phosphorus, aluminum, boron, fluorine and/or one or several rare-earth dopants among lanthanum, cerium, erbium, ytterbium, neodymium, thulium and/or holmium.
17. The radiation-resistant silica optical fiber according to claim 15 , wherein said optical fiber is a microstructured optical fiber, a photonic crystal optical fiber, an air-clad fiber, a polarization-maintaining optical fiber, a polarizing optical fiber, a double-clad optical fiber, a multi-core optical fiber or a multi-clad optical fiber.
18. An optic-fiber device comprising at least one radiation-resistant silica optical fiber according to claim 9 .
19. An optic-fiber device comprising at least one radiation-resistant silica optical fiber according to claim 10 .
20. An optic-fiber device comprising at least one radiation-resistant silica optical fiber according to claim 15 .