Control of bioreactor processes
Processes, as well as associated systems and computer program (software) products, are disclosed for the biological conversion of CO into desired end products such as ethanol. The control methodologies used for these processes can advantageously result in a reduced time required for a batch operation or other initial operating period, prior to achieving a continuous operation, which may be demarcated either by the addition of fresh culture medium at a defined flow rate or by another process initiation target. The control methodologies may alternatively, or in combination, improve a process performance parameter, such as productivity of the desired end product or bacterial growth rate, during this batch operation or other initial operating period.
1. A fermentation process comprising:
a) feeding a gaseous substrate stream comprising CO and a basic neutralizing agent to a bioreactor comprising a carboxydotrophic bacterial culture in a liquid nutrient medium;
b) fermenting the culture wherein at least a portion of the CO in the gaseous substrate stream is converted to a product comprising ethanol and an acidic metabolite;
c) optimizing the production of said product by:
1) measuring an acidic metabolite concentration, a carboxydotrophic bacteria concentration, and a carboxydotrophic bacteria productivity;
2) determining an acidic metabolite set point concentration according to either formula (1) or (2):
A 1·BIOCONmv+ B 1 (1)
A 2·BIOPRODmv+ B 2 (2)
wherein BIOCONmv represents the carboxydotrophic bacteria measured concentration in the culture medium, BIOPRODmv represents the carboxydotrophic bacteria measured productivity and A1, A2, B1 and B2 are constants;
3) increasing a basic neutralizing agent flow rate if the acidic metabolite concentration is less than the acidic metabolite set point concentration; and
4) decreasing the basic neutralizing agent flow rate if the acidic metabolite concentration is greater than the acidic metabolite set point concentration.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the acidic metabolite measured concentration is determined intermittently or continuously.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the constants A 1 , A 2 , B 1 , and B 2 are determined empirically from experimental data.
4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the carboxydotrophic bacteria concentration is determined intermittently or continuously.
5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the process is performed during a batch operation period.
6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the CO-containing substrate is obtained from an industrial process selected from the group consisting of a steel manufacturing process, a non-ferrous product manufacturing process, a petroleum refining process, a biofuel production process, a coal gasification process, an electric power production process, a carbon black production process, an ammonia production process, a methanol production process, gasification of organic matter, steam reforming of hydrocarbons and a coke manufacturing process.
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the acidic metabolite is acetic acid.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the basic neutralizing agent is ammonium hydroxide solution.
9. The process of claim 1 , further comprising flowing a diluent to the bioreactor at a diluent flow rate which is determined by formulas (3) or (4)
C 1 (BIOCONmv) (3)
C 2 (BIOPRODmv) (4)
wherein BIOCONmv represents the carboxydotrophic bacteria concentration in the culture medium, BIOPRODmv represents the carboxydotrophic bacteria measured productivity and C 1 C 2 are constants determined empirically from experimental data.
10. A fermentation process comprising;
a) feeding a substrate stream comprising CO and a basic neutralizing agent to a bioreactor comprising a carboxydotrophic bacterial culture in a liquid nutrient medium;
b) fermenting the culture wherein at least a portion of the CO in the gaseous substrate stream is converted to a product comprising ethanol and an acidic metabolite;
c) optimizing the production of said product by adjusting a basic neutralizing agent flow rate to the bioreactor, the basic neutralizing agent flow rate determined by a formula:
Y ·COFLOmv+ Z (1)
wherein COFLOmv represents a substrate stream flow rate, and Y and Z are constants determined empirically from experimental data.