Processes for producing cycloalkylcarboxamido-pyridine benzoic acids
The present invention relates to a process of providing the 3-(6-(1-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)cyclopropanecarboxamido)-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)benzoic acid in substantially free form (Compound 1).
1. A process for preparing Compound 1:
comprising the steps of:
i) providing 2-bromo-3-methylpyridine (compound 2) and 3-(t-butoxycarbonyl)phenylboronic acid (compound 3),
ii) cross coupling compound 2 and compound 3 in a biphasic mixture comprising water, a first organic solvent, a first base, and a transition metal catalyst to produce compound 4,
iii) oxidizing compound 4 to produce compound 5,
iv) adding an amine group to the 6 position of the pyridyl moiety by heating compound 5 in the presence of pyridine and a sulfonyl compound to produce compound 6,
v) reacting compound 6 with compound 7,
wherein compound 7 is prepared by the following steps:
ic) reducing Compound 17 in an organic solvent:
with a reducing agent to produce Compound 18:
iic) reacting Compound 18 with a chlorinating agent in an organic solvent to produce Compound 19:
iiic) reacting Compound 19 with a cyanide to produce Compound 20:
ivc) reacting Compound 20 with the following compound in the presence of a base:
to produce a compound of formula 21:
vc) sequentially reacting Compound 21 with a hydroxide base and acid to form Compound 22:
and
vic) reacting Compound 15a with a chlorinating agent in an organic solvent to form Compound 16a:
in a second organic solvent in the presence of a second base to produce compound 8,
vi) de-esterifying compound 8 in a biphasic mixture comprising water, a third organic solvent, and a first acid to produce compound 9,
and
vii) slurrying or dissolving compound 9 in an appropriate solvent for an effective amount of time to produce Compound 1.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first organic solvent is an aprotic solvent.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first organic solvent is toluene.
4. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first organic solvent is a protic solvent.
5. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first organic solvent is selected from methanol, ethanol, or isopropanol.
6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first base is an inorganic base.
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first base is potassium carbonate.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the transition-metal catalyst is a palladium-based catalyst.
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the palladium-based catalyst is Pd(dppf)Cl 2 .
10. The process of claim 1 , wherein the cross coupling reaction is run at between 60° C. and 100° C.
11. The process of claim 1 , wherein the oxidation reaction is carried out using a peroxide.
12. The process of claim 1 , wherein the oxidation reaction is carried out using peracetic acid.
13. The process of claim 1 , wherein the oxidation reaction is carried out in the presence of an anhydride.
14. The process of claim 1 , wherein the oxidation reaction is carried out in the presence of phthalic anhydride.
15. The process of claim 1 , wherein the oxidation reaction is run at between 25° C. and 65° C.
16. The process of claim 1 , wherein the sulfonyl compound in step iv) is methanesulfonic anhydride.
17. The process of claim 1 , wherein the second organic solvent is an aprotic solvent.
18. The process of claim 1 , wherein the second organic solvent is toluene.
19. The process of claim 1 , wherein the second base is an organic base.
20. The process of claim 1 , wherein the second base is triethylamine.
21. The process of claim 1 , wherein the reaction between compound 6 and compound 7 is carried out in the presence of a catalytic amine.
22. The process of claim 1 , wherein the reaction between compound 6 and compound 7 is carried out in the presence of a catalytic amount of dimethylaminopyridine.
23. The process of claim 1 , wherein the third organic solvent is an aprotic solvent.
24. The process of claim 1 , wherein the third organic solvent is acetonitrile.
25. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first acid is an inorganic acid.
26. The process of claim 1 , wherein the first acid is hydrochloric acid.
27. The process of claim 1 , wherein the de-esterification reaction is run at between 20° C. and 60° C.
28. The process of claim 1 , wherein the appropriate solvent is selected from water or a 50% methanol/water mixture.
29. The process of claim 1 , wherein the appropriate solvent is water.
30. The process of claim 1 , wherein the effective amount of time is between 2 and 24 hours.
31. The process of claim 1 , further comprising the step of filtering the slurry of Compound 1 or concentrating the solution of Compound 1 to effect recrystallization and filtering the recrystallized Compound 1.