Systems and methods for assembling a lipid bilayer on a substantially planar solid surface
Techniques for assembling a lipid bilayer on a substantially planar solid surface are described herein. In one example, a lipid material such as a lipid suspension is deposited on a substantially planar solid surface, a bubble filled with fast diffusing gas molecules is formed on the solid surface, and the gas molecules are allowed to diffuse out of the bubble to form a lipid bilayer on the solid surface.
1. A method of assembling a lipid bilayer on a substantially planar solid surface including:
depositing a lipid material adjacent to the substantially planar solid surface;
programming a processor to control a variable voltage source to apply a bubble initiating electrical stimulus to the substantially planar solid surface after the lipid material is deposited, wherein the bubble initiating electrical stimulus is at a level that causes molecules present in the lipid material to form gas molecules;
programming the processor to control the variable voltage source to apply the bubble initiating electrical stimulus until the processor has detected formation of a bubble of lipid material filled with gas molecules on the substantially planar solid surface and collapsing of the bubble of lipid material that forms a lipid bilayer.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solid surface comprises a lipid bilayer compatible surface.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solid surface comprises an electrode surface.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solid surface is formed from materials selected from the group consisting of silver-silver chloride, silver-gold alloy, silver-platinum alloy, doped silicon, and other semiconductor materials.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solid surface includes a layer of adsorbed water molecules and the lipid bilayer is formed over the adsorbed water molecules.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lipid material comprises formate molecules, and wherein the formation of the bubble of lipid material comprises formate decomposition that generates the gas molecules filling the bubble of lipid material.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the formate decomposition is initiated by the bubble initiating electrical stimulus applied to the substantially planar solid surface.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the bubble initiating electrical stimulus has a bubble initiating voltage level having a range of 1.4 V to 3.0 V and a duration of 100 ms to 1 s.
9. The method of claim 8 , further including detecting the formation of the bubble of lipid material by detecting an electrical parameter of the bubble.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the electrical parameter comprises a resistance of the bubble.
11. The method of claim 1 , further including monitoring the integrity of the lipid bilayer by detecting an electrical parameter of the lipid bilayer.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the electrical parameter comprises a capacitance of the lipid bilayer measured under an alternating current (AC).
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the electrical parameter comprises an impedance of the lipid bilayer measured under an alternating current.
14. The method of claim 11 , further including applying an erasing electrical stimulus level to erase a lipid bilayer detected to have inadequate structural integrity.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein one or more steps are automated.