Methods for the production of silver nanowires
Embodiments of the present invention are directed to novel methods for the solution-based production of silver nanowires by adaptation of the polyol process. Some embodiments of the present invention can be practiced at lower temperature and/or at higher concentration than previously described methods. In some embodiments reactants are added in solid form rather than in solution. In some embodiments, an acid compound is added to the reaction.
1. A method for the production of silver nanowires comprising reacting:
i) at least one polyol;
ii) at least one silver solution comprising at least one silver compound capable of producing silver metal when reduced; and
iii) at least one organic protective agent (OPA);
as reactants in a reaction at a reaction temperature and under conditions that produce silver nanowires wherein the molar concentration of the silver compound in the silver solution is in the range of about 0.3 molar to about 3.0 molar, wherein the nanowires have an aspect ratio (length/diameter) of at least 150.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanowires have an aspect ratio (length/diameter) of at least 250.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanowires have an aspect ratio (length/diameter) of at least 1000.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanowires have an aspect ratio (length/diameter) of at least 1500.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanowires have an aspect ratio (length/diameter) of at least 2000.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nanowires have an aspect ratio (length/diameter) of at least 3000.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reaction produces bulk silver nanowire product having a length weighted average of at least 15 μm.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reaction produces bulk silver nanowire product having a length weighted average of at least 20 μm.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the reaction produces bulk silver nanowire product having a length weighted average of 25 μm to 30 μm.
10. A method for the production of silver nanowires, said method comprising:
reacting:
i) at least one polyol;
ii) at least one silver solution comprising at least one silver compound capable of producing silver metal when reduced; and
iii) at least one organic protective agent (OPA);
as reactants in a reaction at a reaction temperature and under conditions that produce silver nanowires wherein the molar concentration of the silver compound in the silver solution is in the range of about 0.3 molar to about 3.0 molar, wherein the reaction produces bulk silver nanowire product having an aspect ratio weighted average that is at least 125.
11. A method for the production of silver nanowires comprising:
i) mixing as reactants for a reaction: a) at least one silver solution comprising at least one silver compound capable of producing silver metal when reduced; b) at least one polyol; and c) at least one organic protective agent to produce a mixture; and
ii) reacting said mixture at a reaction temperature and under conditions that produce a product solution comprising silver nanowires;
wherein the molar concentration of the silver compound in the silver solution is in the range of about 0.3 molar to about 3.0 molar, wherein the nanowires have an aspect ratio (length/diameter) of at least 150.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the nanowires have an aspect ratio (length/diameter) of at least 250.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the nanowires have an aspect ratio (length/diameter) of at least 1000.
14. The method of claim 11 , wherein the nanowires have an aspect ratio (length/diameter) of at least 1500.
15. The method of claim 11 , wherein the nanowires have an aspect ratio (length/diameter) of at least 2000.
16. The method of claim 11 , wherein the nanowires have an aspect ratio (length/diameter) of at least 3000.
17. The method of claim 11 , wherein the reaction produces bulk silver nanowire product having a length weighted average of at least 15 μm.
18. The method of claim 11 , wherein the reaction produces bulk silver nanowire product having a length weighted average of at least 20 μm.
19. The method of claim 11 , wherein the reaction produces bulk silver nanowire product having a length weighted average of 25 μm to 30 μm.
20. A method for the production of silver nanowires, said method comprising:
i) mixing as reactants for a reaction: a) at least one silver solution comprising at least one silver compound capable of producing silver metal when reduced; b) at least one polyol; and c) at least one organic protective agent to produce a mixture; and
ii) reacting said mixture at a reaction temperature and under conditions that produce a product solution comprising silver nanowires;
wherein the molar concentration of the silver compound in the silver solution is in the range of about 0.3 molar to about 3.0 molar, wherein the reaction produces bulk silver nanowire product having an aspect ratio weighted average that is at least 125.