Annular combustion chamber in a turbine engine
View Patent ↗An annular combustion chamber of a turbine engine, the chamber including inner and outer coaxial walls forming two surfaces of revolution, which are connected together upstream by an annular chamber end wall including injection systems passing therethrough, each including an injector and at least one swirler for producing a rotating air stream that mixes downstream with fuel from the injector, and at least one ignition spark plug mounted in an orifice of the outer wall downstream from the injection systems. The spark plug is situated circumferentially between two adjacent injection systems that are configured to produce two air/fuel mixture sheets rotating in opposite directions.
1. An annular combustion chamber of a turbine engine, the annular combustion chamber comprising:
an inner wall and an outer wall coaxial with the inner wall forming two surfaces of revolution connected together at upstream ends of the inner and outer walls by an annular chamber end wall comprising openings for mounting injection systems, each opening comprising an injector and at least one swirler for producing a rotating air stream that mixes downstream with fuel coming from the injector, and
an ignition spark plug mounted in an orifice in the outer wall downstream from the injection systems,
wherein the ignition spark plug is situated circumferentially between adjacent first and second injection systems that are configured to produce two air/fuel mixture sheets rotating in first and second directions, respectively, which are opposite each other, and
wherein, in the annular combustion chamber, only the first injection system produces the air/fuel mixture sheet rotating in the first direction.
2. A chamber according to claim 1 , wherein, as seen from downstream, the first injection system situated circumferentially to a first side of the ignition spark plug produces the air/fuel mixture sheet rotating clockwise and the second injection system situated circumferentially to a second side of the ignition spark plug produces the air/fuel mixture sheet rotating counterclockwise.
3. A chamber according to claim 2 , wherein each of the first and second injection systems comprises a bowl having a frustoconical wall downstream from the swirler and comprising an annular row of air injection orifices for producing a frustoconical and rotating sheet of air/fuel mixture, the air injection orifices being distributed and dimensioned such that a resulting air/fuel mixture sheet presents a local enlargement crossing an axis of the ignition spark plug.
4. A chamber according to claim 3 , wherein the bowl of at least one of the two injection systems comprises a set of orifices of having a diameter smaller than a diameter of the orifices of the bowl, the set of orifices of diameter smaller than the diameter of the orifices of the bowl being formed over an angular sector of size and angular position that are predetermined to form the local enlargement crossing the axis of the ignition spark plug.
5. A chamber according to claim 4 , wherein the orifices of the angular sector of each bowl present a diameter that is at least 40% smaller than the diameter of other orifices in the bowl.
6. A chamber according to claim 4 , wherein angular sectors of the two injection systems are symmetrical to each other about a radial plane containing the axis of the ignition spark plug.
7. A chamber according to claim 4 , wherein each angular sector extends over an angle of 20° to 50°.
8. A chamber according to claim 3 , wherein the bowl of at least one of the two injection systems has no orifices over an angular sector of dimension and position that are predetermined to form the local enlargement crossing the axis of the ignition spark plug.
9. A chamber according to claim 1 , wherein the ignition spark plug is positioned at equal circumferential distances from the adjacent first and second injection systems.
10. A turbine engine, or an airplane turbojet, or a turboprop, comprising a combustion chamber according to claim 1 .