Small molecules targeting androgen receptor nuclear localization and/or level in prostate cancer
A method for treating prostate cancer in a subject, comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of at least one agent to the subject, wherein the agent is selected from: (a) a phenyl-substituted imidazole, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof; or (b) a compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof, having a formula I of: wherein R 20 is an aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, a silyl-containing group, a boryl-containing group, a phosphine-containing group, amino, a thio-containing group, a seleno-containing group, halide, or a nitro-containing group; R 21 is an alkanediyl or a substituted alkanediyl; a is 0 or 1; c is 0 or 1; X is C or S; R 22 is a moiety that includes at least one divalent amino radical; and R 23 is an aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, a silyl-containing group, a boryl-containing group, a phosphine-containing group, amino, a thio-containing group, a seleno-containing group, halide, or a nitro-containing group.
1. A compound, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof, having a structure of formula I:
wherein R 20 is an aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, a silyl-containing group, a boryl-containing group, a phosphine-containing group, amino, a thio-containing group, a seleno-containing group, halide, or a nitro-containing group;
R 21 is an alkanediyl or a substituted alkanediyl;
a is 0 or 1;
c is 0 or 1;
X is C or S;
R 22 is a moiety that includes at least one divalent amino radical; and
R 23 is an aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, a silyl-containing group, a boryl-containing group, a phosphine-containing group, amino, a thio-containing group, a seleno-containing group, halide, or a nitro-containing group, with the proviso that the compound of formula I is not:
2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein c is 1.
3. The compound of claim 1 , wherein c is 0.
4. The compound of claim 2 , wherein R 20 is substituted isoxazolyl, c is 1; a is 1; R 21 is —CH 2 —, X is C, R 22 is:
and R 23 is substituted phenyl.
5. The compound of claim 2 , wherein, X is C; R 22 is:
and R 23 is substituted phenyl.
6. The compound of claim 2 , wherein R 20 is phenyl.
7. The compound of claim 2 , wherein R 22 is:
8. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 20 is an aryl or substituted aryl; c is 1; a is 1; R 21 is —CH 2 —, X is C, R 22 is:
and R 23 is substituted phenyl.
9. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 20 is an aryl or substituted aryl; c is 0; a is 1; R 21 is —CH 2 CH 2 —, X is C, R 22 is:
and R 23 is substituted phenyl.
10. The compound of claim 1 , wherein the compound is
11. The compound of claim 3 , wherein R 22 is:
12. The compound of claim 1 , wherein X is C.
13. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 22 is: