ELECTRODE MATERIAL, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING ELECTRODE MATERIAL, AND SECONDARY BATTERY
An electrode material is provided. The electrode material includes a porous carbon material, wherein the porous carbon material has a half-width of diffraction intensity peak of a (100) face or a (101) face of 4 degrees or less with reference to a diffraction angle 2 theta on a basis of an X-ray diffraction method. An absolute value of a differential value of mass can be obtained when a mixture of the porous carbon material and S 8 sulfur mixed at a mass ratio of 1:2 is subjected to thermal analysis, where temperature is employed as a parameter, has a value of more than 0 at 450° C. and a value of 1.9 or more at 400° C. A battery and method of manufacture are also provided.
1 . An electrode material comprising: a porous carbon material, wherein the porous carbon material has a half-width of diffraction intensity peak of a (100) face or a (101) face of 4 degrees or less with reference to a diffraction angle 2 theta on a basis of an X-ray diffraction method.
2 . The electrode material according to claim 1 , wherein a sulfur material is carried in pores of the porous carbon material.
3 . The electrode material according to claim 2 , wherein the sulfur material is selected from the group consisting of: S 8 sulfur, insoluble sulfur, colloidal sulfur and an organic sulfur compound.
4 . The electrode material according to claim 1 , wherein the porous carbon material has a specific surface area of 10 m 2 /g or more on a basis of a nitrogen BET method.
5 . The electrode material according to claim 1 , wherein the porous carbon material has a pore volume of 0.1 cm 3 /g or more on a basis of a BJH method and a MP method.
6 . The electrode material according to claim 1 , wherein a raw material for the porous carbon material is a plant-derived material having a silicon content of 5 percent by mass or more.
7 . The electrode material according to claim 1 , wherein a raw material for the porous carbon material is selected from the group consisting of: peat, a coconut husk-derived material, a sawdust-derived material and an alkaline treated plant-derived material.
8 . The electrode material according to claim 1 , wherein a silicon content of the porous carbon material is less than 5 percent by mass.
9 . A battery comprising: a positive electrode; and a negative electrode, wherein the positive electrode includes an electrode material comprising a porous carbon material, and wherein the porous carbon material has a half-width of diffraction intensity peak of a (100) face or a (101) face of 4 degrees or less with reference to a diffraction angle 2 theta on a basis of an X-ray diffraction method.
10 . An electrode material comprising: a porous carbon material, wherein an absolute value of a differential value of mass obtained when a mixture of the porous carbon material and S 8 sulfur mixed at a mass ratio of 1:2 is subjected to thermal analysis, where temperature is employed as a parameter, has a value of more than 0 at 450° C. and a value of 1.9 or more at 400° C.
11 . A battery comprising: a positive electrode; and a negative electrode, wherein the positive electrode includes an electrode material comprising a porous carbon material, and wherein an absolute value of a differential value of mass obtained when a mixture of the porous carbon material and S 8 sulfur mixed at a mass ratio of 1:2 was subjected to thermal analysis, where temperature is employed as a parameter, has a value of more than 0 at 450° C. and a value of 1.9 or more at 400° C.
12 . A method of manufacturing an electrode material comprising: carbonizing a plant-derived material at a first temperature; performing an acid treatment or an alkali treatment on the carbonized plant-derived material to form a porous carbon material; and subjecting the porous carbon material to a heat treatment at a second temperature, wherein the second temperature is higher than the first temperature.
13 . The method of manufacturing an electrode material according to claim 12 , wherein the first temperature ranges from 400° C. to 1,400° C.
14 . The method of manufacturing an electrode material according to claim 12 , wherein the plant-derived material has a silicon content greater than 5 percent by mass.
15 . The method of manufacturing according to claim 12 , wherein a raw material for the porous carbon material is selected from the group consisting of: peat, a coconut husk-derived material, a sawdust-derived material and an alkaline treated plant-derived material.
16 . The method of manufacturing an electrode material according to claim 12 , further comprising performing an activation treatment on the plant-derived material.
17 . The method of manufacturing an electrode material according to claim 12 , further comprising performing a pre-carbonization treatment on the plant-derived material before the carbonizing step, wherein the pre-carbonization treatment is performed at a temperature lower than the first temperature under a state in which oxygen is cut off.
18 . The method of manufacturing an electrode material according to claim 12 , further comprising immersing the plant-derived material in an alcohol before the carbonizing step.