Granted Patent B2

US 9,923,243 · App. 14/371,491 · Granted Mar 20, 2018

Abstract

Claims (49)

1. A silicon-containing polyether electrolyte solvent composition comprising:

(a) at least one compound selected from the compositions represented by the following structure:

M 1 a M 2 b D 1 c D 2 d T 1 e T 2 f Q g

wherein M 1 is selected from R 1 R 2 R 3 SiO 1/2 or M′ a monovalent organic radical containing one or more heteroatoms O, N and/or S; wherein M 2 is selected from R 4 R 5 R 6 SiO 1/2 ; wherein D 1 is selected from R 7 R 8 SiO 2/2 or D′ a divalent organic radical containing one or more heteroatoms O, N and/or S; wherein D 2 is selected from R 9 R 10 SiO 2/2 ; wherein T 1 is selected from R 11 SiO 3/2 or T′ a trivalent organic radical containing one or more heteroatoms O, N and/or S; wherein T 2 is selected from R 13 SiO 3/2 ; wherein Q is selected from SiO 4/2 or Q′ a tetravalent organic radical containing one or more heteroatoms O, N and/or S;

R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 10 , and R 11 are each independently selected from monovalent hydrocarbon radicals having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; monovalent hydrocarbon heteroatom-containing radicals having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms wherein the one or more heteroatoms are selected from one or more halogens, O, N, or combinations of any two or more thereof; or monovalent polyalkylene oxide residuals;

R 4 , R 9 and R 13 are each independently selected from monovalent radicals that contain an oxirane moiety, with the proviso that at least one of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 10 , R 11 , M′, D′, T′ or Q′ contains a polyalkylene oxide residual if none of R 4 , R 9 and R 13 contains a polyalkylene oxide residual;

and wherein a, b, c, d, e, f, and g are independently selected from either zero or a positive integer subject to the provisos that 0<a+b+c+d+e+f+g<50 and b+d+f+g>0.

2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the polyalkylene oxide is selected from group represented by the following structure:

—(CH 2 CH 2 O) m (CH 2 CH(CH 3 )O) n (CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 O) z —

wherein m is a positive integer; wherein n and z are independently either zero or a positive integer, with the proviso that 0<m+n+z<20.

3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is an electrolytic solvent for at least one lithium salt.

4. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the lithium salt is selected from one or more of LiClO 4 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiBF 4 , LiPF 6 , LiAsF 6 , LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 , LiTFSI, LIBOB), or combinations of any two or more thereof.

5. The composition of claim 3 , wherein the lithium salt is LiPF 6 .

6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is an electrolytic solvent for at least one lithium salt and wherein the electrolytic solvent is capable of solubilizing up to about 2 M of the one or more lithium salts.

7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is an electrolytic solvent for at least one lithium salt and wherein the electrolytic solvent is capable of solubilizing up to about 1.9 M of the one or more lithium salts.

8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is an electrolytic solvent for at least one lithium salt and wherein the electrolytic solvent is capable of solubilizing up to about 1.8 M of the one or more lithium salts.

9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is an electrolytic solvent for at least one lithium salt and wherein the electrolytic solvent is capable of solubilizing up to about 1.7 M of the one or more lithium salts.

10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is an electrolytic solvent for at least one lithium salt and wherein the electrolytic solvent is capable of solubilizing up to about 1.5 M of the one or more lithium salts.

11. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is an electrolytic solvent for at least one lithium salt and wherein the electrolytic solvent is capable of solubilizing up to about 1.2 M of the one or more lithium salts.

12. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is an electrolytic solvent for at least one lithium salt and wherein the electrolytic solvent is capable of solubilizing up to about 1 M of the one or more lithium salts.

13. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the combination of a composition in accordance with claim 1 and at least one lithium salts yields a solution having an ionic conductivity of greater than about 0.5 mS/cm at room temperature.

14. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the combination of a composition in accordance with claim 1 and at least one lithium salts yields a solution having an ionic conductivity of greater than about 1 mS/cm at room temperature and wherein such solution is free of one or more alkyl carbonate compounds.

15. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte solvent composition further comprises from about 1 percent by volume to about 10 percent by volume of one or more of a compound selected from allyl glycidyl ethers, diethylene glycol monomethylethers, allyl methoxy polyethers, or any combination of two or more thereof in combination with the one or more silicon-containing polyether compounds.

16. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the electrolyte solvent composition further comprises at least one alkyl carbonate compound in combination with one or more silicon-containing polyether compounds.

17. The composition of claim 16 , wherein the at least one alkyl carbonate is selected from ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, or mixtures thereof.

18. The composition of claim 16 , wherein the at least one alkyl carbonate is present in a range of about 20 to about 50 percent by volume based on the total volume of the one or more silicon-containing polyether compounds and the one or more alkyl carbonates.

19. The silicon-containing polyether electrolyte solvent composition of claim 1 comprising:

(a) at least one compound selected from the compositions represented by the Formulas (IV) and/or (V):

wherein the PEG portion of the compound of Formula (V) represents —(OCH 2 CH 2 ) 4 OCH 3 .

20. The composition of claim 19 , wherein the composition is an electrolytic solvent for at least one lithium salt selected from LiClO 4 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiBF 4 , LiPF 6 , LiAsF 6 , LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 , LiTFSI, LiBOB, or combinations of any two or more thereof.

21. The composition of claim 20 , wherein the lithium salt is selected from one or more of LiPF 6 , LiBOB and/or LiTFSI.

22. The composition of claim 20 , wherein the lithium salt is LiPF6.

23. The composition of claim 19 , wherein the composition is an electrolytic solvent for at least one lithium salt and wherein the electrolytic solvent is capable of solubilizing up to about 2 M of the one or more lithium salts.

24. The composition of claim 19 , wherein the composition is an electrolytic solvent for at least one lithium salt and wherein the electrolytic solvent is capable of solubilizing up to about 1.9 M of the one or more lithium salts.

25. The composition of claim 19 , wherein the composition is an electrolytic solvent for at least one lithium salt and wherein the electrolytic solvent is capable of solubilizing up to about 1.8 M of the one or more lithium salts.

26. The composition of claim 19 , wherein the composition is an electrolytic solvent for at least one lithium salt and wherein the electrolytic solvent is capable of solubilizing up to about 1.7 M of the one or more lithium salts.

27. The composition of claim 19 , wherein the composition is an electrolytic solvent for at least one lithium salt and wherein the electrolytic solvent is capable of solubilizing up to about 1.5 M of the one or more lithium salts.

28. The composition of claim 19 , wherein the composition is an electrolytic solvent for at least one lithium salt and wherein the electrolytic solvent is capable of solubilizing up to about 1.2 M of the one or more lithium salts.

29. The composition of claim 19 , wherein the composition is an electrolytic solvent for at least one lithium salt and wherein the electrolytic solvent is capable of solubilizing up to about 1 M of the one or more lithium salts.

30. The composition of claim 19 , wherein the combination of a composition in accordance with claim 1 and at least one lithium salts yields a solution having an ionic conductivity of greater than about 1 mS/cm at room temperature.

31. The composition of claim 19 , wherein the combination of a composition in accordance with claim 1 and at least one lithium salts yields a solution having an ionic conductivity of greater than about 1 mS/cm at room temperature and wherein such solution is free of one or more alkyl carbonate compounds.

32. The composition of claim 19 , wherein the composition of Formula (IV) is synthesized according to the following reaction scheme:

33. The composition of claim 19 , wherein the composition of Formula (V) is synthesized according to the following reaction scheme:

34. The composition of claim 19 , wherein the electrolyte solvent composition further comprises from about 1 percent by volume to about 10 percent by volume of one or more of a compound selected from allyl glycidyl ethers, diethylene glycol monomethylethers, allyl methoxy polyethers, or any combination of two or more thereof in combination with the one or more silicon-containing polyether compounds.

35. The composition of claim 19 , wherein the electrolyte solvent composition further comprises at least one alkyl carbonate compound in combination with one or more silicon-containing polyether compounds.

36. The composition of claim 35 , wherein the at least one alkyl carbonate is selected from ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, or mixtures thereof.

37. The composition of claim 35 , wherein the at least one alkyl carbonate is present in a range of about 20 to about 50 percent by volume based on the total volume of the one or more silicon-containing polyether compounds and the one or more alkyl carbonates.

38. An electrochemical device comprising the composition of claim 1 .

39. An electrochemical device comprising the composition of claim 19 .

Assignments (18)