Mesoporous Zeolite-Containing Catalysts For The Thermoconversion Of Biomass And For Upgrading Bio-Oils
Processes for making a catalytic system and catalytic systems for converting solid biomass into fuel of specialty chemical products are described. The catalyst system may comprise a non-zeolitic matrix and an in situ grown zeolite, such as MFI-type zeolite, with a meso-micro hierarchical pore structure. In some embodiments, the non-zeolitic matrix has a meso-macro hierarchical pore structure.
1 - 51 . (canceled)
52 . A composition for the conversion of biomass comprising:
a. a catalyst system comprising a zeolite having a high silica to aluminum ratio and a hierarchical pore structure with pores having a size ranging from about 5 to 20 angstrom, a non-zeolitic matrix with a macroporosity from about 100 to about 5,000 angstrom pore size range, and a binder; and
b. a feedstock having a carbon 14 C isotope content of about 107 pMC.
53 . The composition of claim 52 wherein the zeolite is MFI, beta zeolite or mixtures thereof.
54 . The composition of claim 52 wherein the matrix comprises silica, alumina, silica-alumina, transitional metal oxide or a combination thereof.
55 . The composition of claim 52 wherein the feedstock is a particulated biomass, or is a product derived from pyrolysis of biomass.
56 . The composition of claim 52 wherein the feedstock is a bio-oil vapor or a bio-oil.
57 . A process for upgrading bio-oil vapors, the process comprising heating the bio-oil vapors in presence of the catalyst system, the catalyst system comprising a zeolite having a hierarchical pore structure ranging from 5 to 20 angstrom pore size, a non-zeolitic matrix with a hierarchical pore structure ranging from about 100 to about 5,000 angstrom pore size, and a binder.
58 - 128 . (canceled)
129 . A catalyst system comprising in situ crystallized zeolite having a hierarchical pore structure ranging from 20 to 1,000 Angstrom pore size, a non-zeolitic matrix having a hierarchical pore structure ranging from 50 to 5,000 Angstrom pore size.
130 . The catalyst system of claim 129 wherein the zeolite is a MFI-type zeolite, a beta-zeolite or mixture thereof.
131 . The catalyst system of claim 129 wherein the zeolite is a hydrothermally treated zeolite.
132 . The catalyst system of claim 129 wherein the zeolite is a dealuminated zeolite, a desilicated zeolite or dealuminated desilicated zeolite.
133 . The catalyst system of claim 129 wherein the zeolite is phosphated, the matrix is phosphated or the zeolite and the matrix are phosphated.
134 . The catalyst system of claim 129 wherein the matrix comprises a clay, a modified clay, a clay mixture, a modified clay mixture or combination thereof.
135 . The catalyst system of claim 129 further comprising a binder.
136 . The catalyst system of claim 135 wherein the binder is silica, alumina or silica alumina.
137 . A composition comprising:
a. a catalyst system comprising in situ crystallized zeolites having a hierarchical pore structure ranging from 20 to 1,000 Angstrom pore size into a clay matrix having a hierarchical pore structure ranging from about 50 to about 5,000 angstrom; and
b. a feedstock having a carbon 14 C isotope content of about 107 pMC.
138 . The composition of claim 137 wherein the zeolite is a MFI-type zeolite, a beta-zeolite or mixture thereof.
139 . The composition of claim 137 wherein the clay is kaolin clay, a modified kaolin clay or mixture thereof.
140 . The composition of claim 137 wherein the feedstock is a particulated biomass, or is a product derived from pyrolysis of biomass.
141 . The composition of claim 140 wherein the feedstock is a bio-oil vapor or a bio-oil.
142 . A process for the catalytic thermolysis of biomass, the process comprising heating the biomass to a conversion temperature in presence of the catalyst system of claim 129 .
143 . A process for the catalytic upgrading of bio-oil, the process comprising heating the bio-oil in presence of the catalyst system of claim 129 .
144 - 145 . (canceled)