Genetic reduction of male fertility in plants
A nuclear maize gene is mutated to result in dominant male sterility. Two mutants are provided which impact signal peptide processing. Restoration constructs and methods are provided for use of the dominant male-sterile mutants in producing hybrid seed for male-sterile hybrid plants. Other signal-peptide modifications are provided. Orthologs of the wild type or mutated gene in various species are provided.
1. A transgenic maize maintainer line for propagating a maize plant comprising a nuclear gene or first construct conferring dominant male sterility, wherein said nuclear gene or first construct comprises a maize Ms44 mutant polynucleotide sequence encoding a polypeptide comprising a non-functional secretory signal peptide, wherein expression of the polypeptide comprising the non-functional secretory signal peptide in the plant confers a dominant male-sterile phenotype to the plant, wherein the transgenic maintainer line comprises said nuclear gene or first construct conferring dominant male sterility and further comprises a second construct comprising:
a. an element that suppresses the expression of the polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide comprising the non-functional secretory signal peptide or the expression of the polypeptide comprising the non-functional secretory signal peptide,
b. a second element that disrupts pollen function, and
c. optionally a third element which is a marker,
wherein functional pollen produced by the transgenic maintainer line lacks said second construct.
2. The transgenic maintainer line of claim 1 , wherein the plant to be propagated is homozygous for the nuclear gene or first construct conferring dominant male sterility.
3. The transgenic maintainer line of claim 1 , wherein the transgenic maintainer line is homozygous for said nuclear gene or first construct conferring dominant male sterility.
4. The transgenic maintainer line of claim 1 , wherein:
a. the plant to be propagated is homozygous for the nuclear gene or first construct conferring dominant male sterility, and
b. the transgenic maintainer line is homozygous for the nuclear gene or first construct conferring dominant male sterility.
5. The transgenic maintainer line of claim 1 , wherein the element that suppresses the expression of the polynucleotide is selected from the group consisting of antisense, RNAi, and hairpin molecules directed to the nuclear gene or construct conferring male sterility.
6. The transgenic maintainer line of claim 5 , wherein the suppression element is a promoter inverted repeat targeting the promoter driving the nuclear gene conferring male sterility.
7. The transgenic maintainer line of claim 1 , wherein the element that disrupts pollen function encodes a gene product which interferes with the normal accumulation of starch in pollen or affects osmotic balance within pollen.
8. The transgenic maintainer line of claim 1 , wherein the second construct comprises a marker expressed in seed tissue.
9. The transgenic maintainer line of claim 1 , wherein said Ms44 mutant polynucleotide sequence conferring dominant male sterility is selected from the group consisting of: a nucleic acid of SEQ ID NO: 13, 15, and 152.
10. The transgenic maintainer line of claim 1 , wherein the nuclear gene or polynucleotide sequence encodes SEQ ID NO: 14 or 153 .