Protein-polymer complex, TGase substrate-containing polymer, TGase substrate-containing monomer, method for producing protein-polymer complex, and method for improving protein function at solid-liquid interface or in vicinity of solid-liquid interface

1. A protein-polymer complex, wherein a protein having a primary amine is bound to the side chain of a glutamine (Gln) residue in a polymer of monomers including an acrylate ester or a methacrylate ester having the glutamine (Gln) residue, represented by the following Formula (1):

wherein in Formula (1), R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a protective group, R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, each of X and Y independently represents an alkylene group having a carbon number of 1 to 48 or an alkenylene group having a carbon number of 2 to 48, which may be substituted with an ethenylene group or —(C 2 H 4 O) n — or —(C 3 H 6 O) n —, wherein n represents the number of repeating units, and Z represents an alkyl group having a carbon number of 1 to 48, an alkoxy group having a carbon number of 1 to 48, an aryl group having a carbon number of 6 to 48, an aryloxy group having a carbon number of 6 to 48, an arylalkyl group having a carbon number of 7 to 48, or an arylalkyloxy group having a carbon number of 7 to 48, which may be substituted with a dinitrophenyl group or L-3,4-dihydroxyphenyl group, and wherein at least one of Y and Z may be independently substituted with an amino acid other than Lys.

2. A method for producing a protein-polymer complex, the method comprising a protein binding step of using a transglutaminase (TGase) to bind a protein having a primary amine to a glutamine (Gln) residue of a polymer of monomers including an acrylate ester or a methacrylate ester having the glutamine (Gln) residue represented by following Formula (1):

wherein in Formula (1), R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a protective group, R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, each of X and Y independently represents an alkylene group having a carbon number of 1 to 48 or an alkenylene group having a carbon number of 2 to 48, which may be substituted with an ethenylene group or —(C 2 H 4 O) n — or (C 3 H 6 O) n —, wherein n represents the number of repeating units, and Z represents an alkyl group having a carbon number of 1 to 48, an alkoxy group having a carbon number of 1 to 48, an aryl group having a carbon number of 6 to 48, an aryloxy group having a carbon number of 6 to 48, an arylalkyl group having a carbon number of 7 to 48, or an arylalkyloxy group having a carbon number of 7 to 48, which may be substituted with a dinitrophenyl group or L-3,4-dihydroxyphenyl group, and wherein at least one of Y and Z may be independently substituted with an amino acid other than Lys.

3. A method for detecting a protein, the method comprising binding, either directly or indirectly, a protein-polymer complex in which a protein having a primary amine is bound to the side chain of a glutamine (Glu) in a polymer of monomers including an acrylate ester or a methacrylate ester having the glutamine (Gln) residue represented by following Formula (1), and a target protein that exists within a target material, binding a labeling molecule comprising a portion that binds specifically to the protein of the bound protein-polymer complex, and detecting the labeling molecule,

wherein in Formula (1), R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a protective group, R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, each of X and Y independently represents an alkylene group having a carbon number of 1 to 48 or an alkenylene group having a carbon number of 2 to 48, which may be substituted with an ethenylene group or —(C 2 H 4 O) n — or —(C 3 H 6 O) n —, wherein n represents the number of repeating units, and Z represents an alkyl group having a carbon number of 1 to 48, an alkoxy group having a carbon number of 1 to 48, an aryl group having a carbon number of 6 to 48, an aryloxy group having a carbon number of 6 to 48, an arylalkyl group having a carbon number of 7 to 48, or an arylalkyloxy group having a carbon number of 7 to 48, which may be substituted with a dinitrophenyl group or L-3,4-dihydroxyphenyl group, and wherein at least one of Y and Z may be independently substituted with an amino acid other than Lys.