Pressure equalizer
Systems and methods for maintaining a desired differential pressure between a cooling oil of an electric motor and a process gas working fluid of a compressor connected axially to the electric motor. The cooling oil acts as a coolant for the motor compartment of the electric motor and the gas working fluid acts as a coolant for the rotor compartment of the electric motor. At least one bellow is configured to provide two sealed compartments in a pressure equalizer and a spring means is configured to add a differential pressure to the cooling oil, assuring no leaks between the two fluids flows from the cooling oil to the process gas working fluid and no contact of the process gas working fluid with the electric motor stator, in particular electric motor laminations and electric motor windings.
1. An apparatus, comprising:
an electric motor comprising a can to separate a stator compartment from a rotor compartment, the stator compartment comprising a stator and cooling oil, and the rotor compartment comprising an electric motor rotor, rotor bearings, and a diverted process gas;
a compressor comprising a rotor connected to the electric motor rotor wherein a part of the compressor's process gas is the diverted process gas diverted through the can of the electric motor; and
a pressure equalizer comprising:
at least one bellow hermetically connected to a housing in order to create a first reservoir of the cooling oil and a second reservoir of the process gas inside the housing and to prevent the mixing of the process gas with the cooling oil inside the housing;
at least one compression spring inside the at least one bellow configured to provide compression on the first reservoir such that the cooling oil pressure in the first reservoir is greater than the process gas pressure in the second reservoir;
a first connection arranged from the first reservoir to the electric motor stator compartment outside of the can of the electric motor and configured to apply the cooling oil pressure against one side of the at least one bellow in the pressure equalizer; and
a second connection arranged from the second reservoir to the process gas inside of the can of the electric motor and configured to apply the process gas pressure against an opposite side of the at least one bellow in the pressure equalizer to produce a desired differential pressure between the cooling oil and the process gas,
wherein the process gas cannot come into contact with the electric motor stator.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the apparatus detects a failure of the hermetically sealed bellow based on a drop in a differential pressure between the process gas and the cooling oil.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the process gas operates as a coolant for the electric motor rotor.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the cooling oil pressure is always greater than the process gas pressure.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the electric motor rotor comprises an impeller attached to an end of the electric motor rotor for boosting process gas pressure to a differential pressure with respect to the cooling oil.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the pressure equalizer is configured to maintain the electric motor stator compartment filled with cooling oil at a differential pressure.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the pressure equalizer is configured to operate as a cooling oil reservoir for the electric motor stator compartment of the electric motor.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the electric motor stator compartment is configured to establish a natural convection flow of the pressurized cooling oil inside the electric motor stator compartment.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the electric motor stator compartment is configured as a closed container only receiving pressurized cooling oil from the pressure equalizer.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the pressure equalizer is integrated internally.