Additive compositions and use thereof for improving the cold properties of fuels and combustibles

1. An additive composition comprising:

(a) at least one modified alkylphenol-aldehyde resin obtained by Mannich reaction of an alkylphenol-aldehyde condensation resin:

(i) with at least one aldehyde and/or one ketone having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and

(ii) at least one hydrocarbon compound having at least one alkylmonoamine or alkylpolyamine group, having between 4 and 30 carbon atoms;

the alkylphenol-aldehyde condensation resin being itself obtained by condensation:

(iii) of at least one alkylphenol substituted by at least one linear or branched alkyl group, having 1 to 30 carbon atoms;

(iv) with at least one aldehyde and/or one ketone having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and;

(b) at least one filterability additive chosen from:

(i) terpolymers of C 4 to C 22 alkyl (meth)acrylate, C 20 to C 24 alpha-olefin and maleimide N-substituted by a hydrocarbon chain having between 4 and 30 carbon atoms;

(ii) the homopolymers of C 1 to C 40 alkyl (meth)acrylate;

(iii) the ammonium salts of mono- or poly-carboxylic acid comprising at least one linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon chain and having between 4 and 30 carbon atoms.

2. The additive composition according to claim 1 , comprising:

(a) at least one modified alkylphenol-aldehyde resin obtained by Mannich reaction of an alkylphenol-aldehyde condensation resin:

(i) with at least one aldehyde and/or one ketone having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and

(ii) at least one hydrocarbon compound having at least one alkylmonoamine or alkylpolyamine group, having between 4 and 30 carbon atoms;

The alkylphenol-aldehyde condensation resin itself being obtained by condensation:

(iii) of at least one alkylphenol substituted by at least one linear or branched alkyl group, having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; and

(iv) with at least one aldehyde and/or one ketone having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and;

(b) at least one filterability additive chosen from:

(i) the homopolymers of C 1 to C 40 alkyl (meth)acrylate;

(ii) ammonium salts of mono- or poly-carboxylic acid comprising at least one linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon chain and having between 4 and 30 carbon atoms.

3. The additive composition according to claim 1 , comprising:

(a) at least the modified alkylphenol-aldehyde resin;

(b) at least one first filterability additive chosen from the homopolymers of C 1 to C 40 alkyl (meth)acrylate; and

(c) at least one second filterability additive chosen from:

(i) the terpolymers of C 4 to C 22 alkyl (meth)acrylate, C 20 to C 24 alpha-olefin and maleimide N-substituted by a hydrocarbon chain having between 4 and 30 carbon atoms;

(ii) the ammonium salts of mono- or poly-carboxylic acid comprising at least one linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon chain and having between 4 and 30 carbon atoms.

4. The additive composition according to claim 1 , in which the ammonium salts are the ammonium salts of mono- or poly-carboxylic acid comprising at least one linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon chain, having between 4 and 30 carbon atoms, and of fatty amine and/or of ethoxylated fatty amine.

5. The additive composition according to claim 1 , in which the modified alkylphenol-aldehyde resin is obtained from at least one alkylphenol substituted in para position.

6. The additive composition according to claim 1 , in which the modified alkylphenol-aldehyde resin is obtained from at least one aldehyde and/or one ketone chosen from formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, 2-ethyl hexanal, benzaldehyde, or acetone.

7. The additive composition according to claim 1 , in which the modified alkylphenol-aldehyde resin is obtained from at least one alkylamine having at least one primary amine group.

8. The additive composition according to claim 1 , in which the modified alkylphenol-aldehyde resin is obtained from p-nonylphenol, formaldehyde and at least one hydrocarbon compound having at least one alkylmonoamine or alkylpolyamine group.

9. The additive composition according to claim 1 , in which the modified alkylphenol-aldehyde resin is obtained from at least one alkylamine with a fatty chain or of a mixture of alkylamines with a fatty chain.

10. The additive composition according to claim 1 , in which the modified alkylphenol-aldehyde resin has a viscosity at 50° C. measured using a dynamic rheometer at a shear rate of 100 s −1 on a solution of said resin diluted with 30% by mass of an aromatic solvent comprised between 1,000 and 10,000 mPa·s.

11. The additive composition according to claim 1 , comprising in addition at least one additional filterability additive chosen from the copolymers and terpolymers of ethylene and vinyl ester and/or acrylic ester (EVA and/or EVP).

12. The additive composition according to claim 11 , in which the additional filterability additive is chosen from the copolymers of ethylene and vinyl ester (EVA).

13. A method for improving low temperature properties, the method comprising reducing cold filter-plugging point (CFPP) measured according to the standard NF EN 116, without affecting an effectiveness of a modified alkylphenol-aldehyde resin on a dispersion and/or setting of waxes, the method further comprising adding an additive composition in a motor fuel or a liquid hydrocarbon fuel, the additive composition comprising:

(a) at least one modified alkylphenol-aldehyde resin obtained by Mannich reaction of an alkylphenol-aldehyde condensation resin:

(i) with at least one aldehyde and/or one ketone having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and

(ii) at least one hydrocarbon compound having at least one alkylmonoamine or alkylpolyamine group, having between 4 and 30 carbon atoms;

the alkylphenol-aldehyde condensation resin being itself obtained by condensation:

(iii) of at least one alkylphenol substituted by at least one linear or branched alkyl group, having 1 to 30 carbon atoms;

(iv) with at least one aldehyde and/or one ketone having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and

(b) at least one filterability additive chosen from:

(i) terpolymers of C 4 to C 22 alkyl (meth)acrylate, C 20 to C 24 alpha-olefin and maleimide N-substituted by a hydrocarbon chain having between 4 and 30 carbon atoms;

(ii) the homopolymers of C 1 to C 40 alkyl (meth)acrylate;

(iii) the ammonium salts of mono- or poly-carboxylic acid comprising at least one linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon chain and having between 4 and 30 carbon atoms;.

14. A method for improving low temperature properties of motor fuels or liquid hydrocarbon fuels, the method comprising adding a composition as defined in claim 11 , in the motor fuels or liquid hydrocarbon fuels.

15. The method according to claim 14 , for reducing both the cold filter-plugging point and the dispersion of waxes and/or limiting the settling of waxes in motor fuels and liquid hydrocarbon fuels.

16. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the fuel has a boiling range from 120 to 500° C.

17. A composition of motor fuels or liquid hydrocarbon fuels the boiling temperature range of which is comprised between 100 and 500° C. comprising:

a major proportion of hydrocarbon compounds and/or vegetable and/or animal oils and/or their oil esters and/or biodiesels of animal and/or vegetable origin; and

a minor proportion comprised between 5 and 5,000 ppm by mass, of at least one composition comprising:

(a) at least one modified alkylphenol-aldehyde resin capable of being obtained by Mannich reaction of an alkylphenol-aldehyde condensation resin:

(i) with at least one aldehyde and/or one ketone having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and

(ii) at least one hydrocarbon compound having at least one alkylmonoamine or alkylpolyamine group, having between 4 and 30 carbon atoms;

the alkylphenol-aldehyde condensation resin itself being obtained by condensation:

(iii) of at least one alkylphenol substituted by at least one linear or branched alkyl group, having 1 to 30 carbon atoms;

(iv) with at least one aldehyde and/or one ketone having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and

(b) at least one filterability additive chosen from:

(i) terpolymers of C 4 to C 22 alkyl (meth)acrylate, C 20 to C 24 alpha-olefin and maleimide N-substituted by a hydrocarbon chain having between 4 and 30 carbon atoms;

(ii) the homopolymers of C 1 to C 40 alkyl (meth)acrylate;

(iii) the ammonium salts of mono- or poly-carboxylic acid comprising at least one linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon chain and having between 4 and 30 carbon atoms.

18. The additive composition according to claim 1 , wherein the aldehyde and/or ketone has 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

19. The additive composition according to claim 1 , wherein the homopolymers of C 1 to C 40 alkyl (meth)acrylate are C 8 to C 24 alkyl (poly)acrylates.

20. The method according to claim 14 , wherein the fuel has a boiling range from 120 to 500° C.