Rear-ventilated awning for roof units of rail vehicles

1. A rail vehicle, comprising:

a roof;

a first shading plate disposed at a distance from said roof, said first shading plate having first openings formed therein for a passage of air;

a second shading plate disposed between said first shading plate and said roof, said second shading plate having second openings formed therein for a passage of air;

said second shading plate being disposed at a location between said first shading plate and said roof causing a projection of said first and second shading plates on said roof at least perpendicular to said roof to be free of openings; and

said second shading plate being disposed at a location between said first shading plate and said roof causing each straight line, extending through said first and second openings and intersecting said roof, to intersect said roof at an angle less than 30°.

2. The rail vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein said first shading plate has a first surface facing away from said roof, and said first surface is at least one of processed or coated to absorb more visible light than it reflects.

3. The rail vehicle according to claim 2 , wherein a ratio of a first distance between said first shading plate and said roof to a second distance between said second shading plate and said roof is between 1 and 1.5.

4. The rail vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein said first shading plate has a first surface facing away from said roof, and said first surface is formed of a material and is at least one of processed or coated to have a heat transfer coefficient to stationary air perpendicular to said first shading plate of at least 7W/(m 2 *K).

5. The rail vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein said second shading plate is disposed parallel to said first shading plate.

6. The rail vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein said second shading plate and said roof define an intermediate space therebetween being delimited in a vertical direction by said second shading plate and said roof, and said second shading plate is positioned relative to said roof to permit surrounding air to flow horizontally into said intermediate space.

7. The rail vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein said first shading plate has sheet-metal tongues at least partially covering said first openings in said first shading plate.

8. The rail vehicle according to claim 7 , wherein said sheet-metal tongues form an angle of between 30° and 50° with said first shading plate in a plane parallel to a longitudinal axis of the rail vehicle and perpendicular to said first shading plate.

9. A rail vehicle, comprising:

a roof;

a first shading plate disposed at a distance from said roof;

said first shading plate having first openings formed therein for a passage of air; and

said first shading plate having a second surface facing toward said roof, said second surface being at least one of processed or coated to have an oriented degree of spectral emission in a direction of surface normals for electromagnetic radiation having wavelengths in an interval of 300 nm to 100 μm of at most 0.5.

10. A rail vehicle, comprising:

a roof;

a first shading plate disposed at a distance from said roof, said first shading plate having first openings formed therein for a passage of air;

a second shading plate disposed between said first shading plate and said roof, said second shading plate having second openings formed therein for a passage of air; and

said second shading plate having a first surface facing away from said roof and a second surface facing toward said roof, said second surface of said second shading plate being at least one of processed or coated to have an oriented degree of spectral emission in a direction of surface normals for electromagnetic radiation having wavelengths in an interval of 300 nm to 100 μm of less than 0.5.

11. A rail vehicle, comprising:

a roof:

a first shading plate disposed at a distance from said roof, said first shading plate having first openings formed therein for a passage of air;

said first shading plate having a first surface facing away from said roof;

said first surface of said first shading plate being at least one of processed or coated to absorb more visible light than it reflects;

a second shading plate disposed between said first shading plate and said roof, said second shading plate having second openings formed therein for a passage of air;

said second shading plate having a first surface facing away from said roof and a second surface facing toward said roof; and

said first surface of said second shading plate being at least one of processed or coated to have an oriented degree of spectral absorption in a direction of surface normals for electromagnetic radiation having wavelengths in an interval of 300 nm to 100 μm being equal to or less than an oriented degree of spectral absorption in a direction of surface normals for electromagnetic radiation having wavelengths of 300 nm to 100 μm of said first surface of said first shading plate.

12. A rail vehicle, comprising:

a roof;

a first shading plate disposed at a distance from said roof;

said first shading plate having first openings formed therein for a passage of air;

said first shading plate having sheet-metal tongues at least partially covering said first openings in said first shading plate; and

said sheet-metal tongues being reshaped from said first shading plate and connected to said first shading plate without joints.