Optical module

1. An optical module comprising:

at least one optoelectronic component capable of generating or receiving radiation;

at least one access port configured to receive or emit the radiation;

at least one free-space beam path located between the access port and the optoelectronic component;

at least one mirror located in said beam path;

at least one attenuation unit located in said beam path, the attenuation unit having a reflecting surface section and an absorbing surface section; and

a control unit configured to adjust the amount of radiation which is directed towards the absorbing surface section of the attenuation unit by controlling at least one of the following: the position of the mirror, the orientation of the mirror, the position of the attenuation unit and the orientation of the attenuation unit.

2. The optical module according to claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the absorbing surface section is formed by a photodetector.

3. The optical module of claim 2 , wherein the reflecting surface section is located on an active surface of the photodetector.

4. The optical module of claim 2 , wherein the photodetector provides the control unit with a signal that indicates the amount of radiation being detected at the photodetector.

5. The optical module of claim 4 , wherein the control unit is connected to the photodetector and configured to evaluate the signal provided by the photodetector and to control the position and/or orientation of the mirror and/or the position and/or orientation of the attenuation unit as a function of the amount of radiation detected.

6. The optical module of claim 1 , wherein the reflecting surface section is located adjacent to or surrounded by the absorbing surface section.

7. The optical module of claim 1 , wherein the mirror and the attenuation unit are separated by a beam path section of the free-space beam path, and the attenuation unit is positioned in a manner so as to receive reflected radiation from the mirror.

8. The optical module of claim 1 , wherein the mirror is configured so as to be oriented at an angle (α) and the control unit is configured to control the angle (α).

9. The optical module of claim 1 , wherein:

the beam path comprises a first beam path section, a second beam path section, and a third beam path section,

wherein the second beam path section is angled with respect to the first and third beam path sections and connects the first and third beam path sections, the angle of the second beam path section being controlled by the control unit.

10. The optical module of claim 9 wherein:

the mirror is located at one end of the second beam path section and connects the first and second beam path sections, and

the attenuation unit is located at the other end of the second beam path section and connects the second and third beam path sections.

11. The optical module of claim 1 , wherein the access port comprises a lens configured to couple the radiation between the free-space beam path and an end face of an external optical component.

12. The optical module of claim 1 , further comprising a beam combiner located between the optoelectronic component and the beam path, the beam combiner configured to combine at least two radiation signals in order to provide a combined radiation beam that enters the beam path.

13. An optical module comprising:

at least one optoelectronic component capable of generating or receiving radiation;

at least one access port configured to receive or emit the radiation;

at least one free-space beam path located between the access port and the optoelectronic component;

at least one mirror located in said beam path;

at least one attenuation unit located in said beam path, the attenuation unit having a reflecting surface section and an absorbing surface section; and

a control unit configured to adjust the amount of radiation which is directed towards the absorbing surface section of the attenuation unit by controlling the position of the mirror.

14. The optical module according to claim 13 , wherein at least a portion of the absorbing surface section is formed by a photodetector, wherein the photodetector provides the control unit with a signal that indicates the amount of radiation being detected at the photodetector.

15. The optical module of claim 14 , wherein the control unit is connected to the photodetector and configured to evaluate the signal provided by the photodetector and to control the position of the mirror as a function of the amount of radiation detected.

16. An optical module comprising:

at least one optoelectronic component capable of generating or receiving radiation;

at least one access port configured to receive or emit the radiation;

at least one free-space beam path located between the access port and the optoelectronic component;

at least one mirror located in said beam path;

at least one attenuation unit located in said beam path, the attenuation unit having a reflecting surface section and an absorbing surface section; and

a control unit configured to adjust the amount of radiation which is directed towards the absorbing surface section of the attenuation unit by controlling the orientation of the mirror.

17. The optical module according to claim 16 , wherein at least a portion of the absorbing surface section is formed by a photodetector, wherein the photodetector provides the control unit with a signal that indicates the amount of radiation being detected at the photodetector.

18. The optical module of claim 17 , wherein the control unit is connected to the photodetector and configured to evaluate the signal provided by the photodetector and to control the orientation of the mirror as a function of the amount of radiation detected.