Tamponade trocar device and method

1. A trocar for insertion through a tissue perforation, comprising:

an elongate balloon having a proximal end and a distal end; the balloon having a toroid shape that forms a tubular channel throughout the length of the balloon; the tubular channel being connected to an outer body portion of the balloon at the distal end and at the proximal end;

a cannula positioned inside of the balloon; the cannula having a proximal end, a distal end, and a longitudinal lumen;

the balloon having a reduced portion located distal to the distal end of the cannula in a first low-profile condition such that the reduced portion has a diameter smaller than the diameter of the distal end of the cannula; the balloon having a second high-profile large diameter condition relative to the first condition; the second high-profile large diameter condition achieved by application of inflation pressure into the balloon; the balloon is adapted to expand from the first low-profile condition to the second high profile condition.

2. The trocar of claim 1 wherein the balloon surrounds the tubular channel.

3. The trocar of claim 1 wherein the tubular channel is located inside the lumen of the cannula.

4. The trocar of claim 1 wherein the reduced portion of the balloon is adapted for insertion into a tissue perforation before insertion of the cannula into the tissue perforation.

5. The trocar of claim 1 wherein when in the second high-profile condition, the reduced portion is expanded to facilitate movement of the cannula relative to the balloon into a position in the tissue perforation while inside the balloon lumen.

6. The trocar of claim 1 wherein the distal reduced portion substantially prevents distal translation of the cannula within the balloon in the first low profile condition.

7. The trocar of claim 1 wherein the distal reduced portion has an increased diameter in the second high profile condition such that the cannula is substantially free to translate within the balloon.

8. The trocar of claim 1 wherein the proximal end of the cannula is distal to the proximal end of the balloon to define a proximal reduced portion of the balloon in the first low profile condition; the proximal reduced portion of the balloon being proximal to the proximal end of the cannula and having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the cannula substantially preventing the proximal translation of the cannula within the balloon in the first low-profile condition.

9. The trocar of claim 1 further including a seal housing attachable to the proximal end of the cannula.

10. The trocar of claim 1 wherein the balloon is inflatable from the first low profile condition to the second high profile condition by application of inflation pressure at the proximal end of the balloon.

11. The trocar of claim 1 further including a stylet configured to provide columnar strength to the balloon for insertion of the distal end of the balloon into the tissue perforation.

12. A method comprising:

providing a system comprising:

a balloon having a proximal end and a distal end; the balloon having a toroid shape that forms a tubular channel extending between an opening at the proximal end and an opening at the distal end;

a cannula having a lumen extending between an open proximal end and an open distal end; the cannula being contained with in the balloon such that the tubular channel extends through the lumen of the cannula;

the balloon having a first low-profile condition and a second high-profile condition; the balloon having a reduced distal portion that is located distal to the distal end of the cannula in the first low-profile condition;

placing the reduced distal portion of the balloon that does not contain the cannula within a tissue perforation in a biological body wall;

inflating the balloon from the first low-profile condition to the second high-profile while the distal portion of the balloon that does not contain the cannula is located in the tissue perforation to increase the size of the balloon and dilate the tissue perforation; and

moving the cannula inside the balloon when in the second high-profile condition.

13. The method of claim 12 wherein the step of moving the cannula includes moving the cannula from a position wherein the distal end of the cannula is proximal to the tissue perforation to a position in which the cannula is within the tissue perforation while in the second high-profile condition.

14. The method of claim 12 wherein the step of moving the cannula includes advancing the cannula distally within the lumen of the balloon so that the cannula is positioned across the body wall with the proximal end of the cannula positioned proximal the body wall and the distal end of the cannula positioned distal the body wall.

15. The method of claim 12 further including a step of deflating the balloon from the second high-profile condition to the first low-profile condition.

16. The method of claim 12 further including a step of severing the balloon at a position proximate the proximal end of the cannula, and a step of removing a portion of the balloon that is proximal to the point of severance.

17. The method of claim 12 further including a step of coupling a seal housing having a seal to the proximal end of the cannula.

18. The method of claim 12 further including a step of penetrating the distal end of the balloon at a location distal to the cannula to create an opening for accessing the cannula lumen from the cannula distal end.

19. The method of claim 12 further including a step of inserting a needle into the body wall to form a tissue perforation.

20. The method of claim 12 further including a step of providing a stylet and inserting the stylet into the tubular channel.