Conductive element precursor and conductive pattern formation
View Patent ↗Black-and-white silver halide conductive film element precursors have, on one or both sides and in order, a UV filter layer, non-color hydrophilic photosensitive layer comprising a silver halide, and a hydrophilic overcoat as an outer layer. The one or two UV filter layers individually contains one or more UV absorbing agents in an amount of up 0.5 mmol/m 2 and the total amount in the precursor is up to 1 mmol/m 2 to prevent crosstalk during imagewise exposure. These precursors can be imagewise exposed and processed to provide conductive film elements with various conductive silver patterns (or grids) with narrow conductive silver lines on one or both sides. Such conductive film elements can be prepared with reduced yellowness as evidenced by reduced b* values. The resulting conductive film elements are highly transparent and can be used in various devices such as display devices.
1. A black-and-white silver halide conductive film element precursor comprising a transparent substrate comprising a first supporting side and an opposing second supporting side, and
having disposed on the first supporting side:
a first UV filter layer comprising a hydrophilic binder or colloid and one or more UV absorbing agents that are present in a total amount of at least 0.01 mmol/m 2 and up to and including 0.5 mmol/m 2 , each of the one or more UV absorbing agents having a λ max of at least 200 nm and up to and including 390 nm,
a first non-color hydrophilic photosensitive layer comprising a silver halide coverage of at least 3,500 mg Ag/m 2 , and
a first hydrophilic overcoat disposed over the first non-color hydrophilic photosensitive layer, which first hydrophilic overcoat is the outermost layer on the first supporting side of the transparent substrate, and the first hydrophilic overcoat comprises a hydrophilic binder or colloid, and the first hydrophilic overcoat optionally comprises: (a) one or more immobilized radiation absorbers in a total amount of at least 5 mg/m 2 , (b) one or more silver halides in a total amount of at least 5 mg Ag/m 2 , or both (a) and (b),
the black-and-white silver halide conductive film element precursor optionally comprising on the opposing second supporting side:
a second UV filter layer comprising a hydrophilic binder or colloid and one or more UV absorbing agents that are present in a total amount of at least 0.01 mmol/m 2 and up to and including 0.5 mmol/m 2 , each of the one or more UV absorbing agents having a λ max of at least 200 nm and up to and including 390 nm,
a second non-color hydrophilic photosensitive layer comprising a silver halide coverage of at least 3,500 mg Ag/m 2 , and
a second hydrophilic overcoat disposed over the second non-color hydrophilic photosensitive layer, which second hydrophilic overcoat is the outermost layer on the opposing second supporting side of the transparent substrate, and the second hydrophilic overcoat comprises a hydrophilic binder or colloid, and the second hydrophilic overcoat optionally comprises: (a) one or more immobilized radiation absorbers in a total amount of at least 5 mg/m 2 , (b) one or more silver halides in a total amount of at least 5 mg Ag/m 2 , or both (a) and (b),
wherein the total amount of the one or more UV absorbing agents in the first UV filter layer and the second UV filter layer, when present, is no more than 1 mmol/m 2 .
2. The black-and-white silver halide conductive film element precursor of claim 1 , wherein the one or more UV absorbing agents are present in the first UV filter layer, and optionally in the second UV filter layer, independently in a total amount of at least 0.1 mmol/m 2 and up to and including 0.4 mmol/m 2 , and the total amount of the one or more UV absorbing agents in the first UV filter layer and the second UV filter layer, when present, is no more than 0.8 mmol/m 2 .
3. The black-and-white silver halide conductive film element precursor of claim 1 , wherein the one or more UV absorbing agents in either or both first and second UV filter layers are benzotriazoles or cyanoacrylates.
4. The black-and-white silver halide conductive film element precursor of claim 1 , wherein each of the one or more UV absorbing agents in either or both first and second UV filter layers has an absorption λ max of at least 300 nm and up to and including 390 nm.
5. The black-and-white silver halide conductive film element precursor of claim 1 , wherein each of the one or more UV absorbing agents in either or both first and second UV filter layers is an immobilized UV absorbing agent.
6. The black-and-white silver halide conductive film element precursor of claim 1 , wherein the first non-color hydrophilic photosensitive layer comprises silver halide coverage of at least 3,500 mg Ag/m 2 but less than 4,900 mg Ag/m 2 .
7. The black-and-white silver halide conductive film element precursor of claim 1 that is a duplex black-and-white silver halide conductive film element and the amount of one or more UV absorbing agents in the first and second UV filter layers is the same, and the total amount of UV absorbing agents in the first and second UV filter layers is at least 0.1 mmol/m 2 and up to and including 0.7 mmol/m 2 .
8. The black-and-white silver halide conductive film element precursor of claim 1 , wherein the first hydrophilic overcoat, and the second hydrophilic overcoat when present, comprises (a) one or more immobilized radiation absorbers in a total amount of at least 5 mg/m 2 .
9. The black-and-white silver halide conductive film element precursor of claim 8 , wherein the first hydrophilic overcoat, and the second hydrophilic overcoat when present, further comprises (b) one or more silver halides in a total amount of at least 5 mg Ag/m 2 .
10. The black-and-white silver halide conductive film element precursor of claim 1 , wherein the second UV filter layer is present, and the one or more UV absorbing agents in both of the first and second UV filter layers are of the same class of materials and are present in the respective UV filter layers in the same total amount, within ±20%.
11. The black-and-white silver halide conductive film element precursor of claim 1 that is a duplex black-and-white silver halide conductive film element comprising the same order of layers and layer compositions on both the first supporting side and the opposing second supporting side of the transparent substrate.
12. A method for preparing a conductive film element comprising:
providing the black-and-white silver halide conductive element film precursor of claim 1 ,
imagewise exposing the black-and-white silver halide conductive film element precursor to provide a latent silver halide pattern in the first non-color hydrophilic photosensitive layer,
converting the latent silver halide pattern to an electrically-conductive silver metal pattern by contacting the latent silver halide pattern with a developing solution comprising a silver halide developing agent,
removing any unconverted silver halide from the first non-color hydrophilic photosensitive layer, leaving the electrically-conductive silver metal pattern corresponding to the silver halide latent pattern, and
optionally further treating the electrically-conductive silver metal pattern to enhance its conductivity.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the black-and-white silver halide conductive film element precursor is a duplex black-and-white silver halide conductive film element precursor.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein when the imagewise exposing is carried out at 365 nm, crosstalk from one side of the black-and-white silver halide conductive film element precursor to the opposing side of the black-and-white silver halide conductive film element precursor is reduced to less than 1% of crosstalk that would occur upon imagewise exposure at 365 nm of a black-and-white silver halide conductive film element precursor constructed in the same manner and composition but from which all UV absorbing agents have been omitted from the first UV filter layer and from the second UV filter layer when present.
15. A conductive film element comprising:
a transparent substrate that is optionally flexible, and the conductive film element comprises a first supporting side and an opposing second supporting side, and comprises on the first supporting side:
a first UV filter layer comprising a hydrophilic binder or colloid and one or more UV absorbing agents that are present in a total amount of at least 0.01 mmol/m 2 and up to and including 0.5 mmol/m 2 , each of the one or more UV absorbing agents having a λ max of at least 200 nm and up to and including 390 nm,
a first non-color hydrophilic layer comprising an electrically-conductive silver metal pattern, and the conductive film element having an integrated transmittance of at least 80% in the conductive silver pattern, and
a first hydrophilic overcoat disposed over the first non-color hydrophilic layer, which first hydrophilic overcoat is the outermost layer on the first supporting side of the transparent substrate, and the first hydrophilic overcoat comprises a hydrophilic binder or colloid, and the first hydrophilic overcoat optionally comprises one or more immobilized radiation absorbers in a total amount of at least 5 mg/m 2 , and
the conductive film element optionally comprising on the opposing second supporting side:
a second UV filter layer comprising a hydrophilic binder or colloid and one or more UV absorbing agents that are present in a total amount of at least 0.01 mmol/m 2 and up to and including 0.5 mmol/m 2 , each of the one or more UV absorbing agents having aλ max of at least 200 nm and up to and including 390 nm,
a second non-color hydrophilic layer comprising an electrically-conductive silver metal pattern, and the conductive film element having an integrated transmittance of at least 80% in the conductive silver pattern, and
a second hydrophilic overcoat disposed over the second non-color hydrophilic layer, which first hydrophilic overcoat is the outermost layer on the second supporting side of the transparent substrate, and the second hydrophilic overcoat comprises a hydrophilic binder or colloid, and the second hydrophilic overcoat optionally comprises one or more immobilized radiation absorbers in a total amount of at least 5 mg/m 2 ,
wherein the total amount of the one or more UV absorbing agents in the first UV filter layer and the second UV filter layer, when present, is no more than 1 mmol/m 2 .
16. The conductive film element of claim 15 , wherein the second UV filter layer is present, and the one or more UV absorbing agents in both of the first and second UV filter layers are of the same class of materials and are present in the respective UV filter layers in the same total amount, within +20%.
17. The conductive film element of claim 15 that is a duplex black-and-white silver halide conductive film element comprising the same order of layers and layer compositions on both the first supporting side and the opposing second supporting side of the transparent substrate.
18. The conductive film element of claim 15 , wherein the one or more UV absorbing agents are present in the first UV filter layer, and optionally in the second UV filter layer, independently in a total amount of at least 0.1 mmol/m 2 and up to and including 0.4 mmol/m 2 , and the total amount of the one or more UV absorbing agents in the first UV filter layer and the second UV filter layer, when present, is no more than 0.8 mmol/m 2 .
19. The conductive film element of claim 15 that is a duplex black-and-white silver halide conductive film element and the amount of one or more UV absorbing agents in the first and second UV filter layers is the same, and the total amount of UV absorbing agents in the first and second UV filter layers is at least 0.1 mmol/m 2 and up to and including 0.7 mmol/m 2 .