Thermal treatment of acne with nanoparticles with coatings that facilitate selective removal from the skin surface

1. A method of treating acne, comprising:

pre-treating a skin surface to increase delivery of nanoparticles to a sebaceous gland;

applying a composition of nanoparticles to the skin surface;

distributing a portion of the composition of from the skin surface to the sebaceous gland while a remaining portion of the composition is left on the skin surface;

wherein the nanoparticles have a concentration selected from the group consisting of: 10 9 , 10 10 , 10 11 , 10 12 , and 10 13 particles per ml of the composition,

wherein the nanoparticles comprise at least one of gold, silver, and platinum,

wherein the nanoparticles comprise a coating, wherein said coating facilitates selective removal from the skin surface,

wherein the nanoparticles are unassembled,

selectively removing the composition from the skin surface; and

exposing the remaining portion of the composition of nanoparticles to an energy wavelength selected from the group consisting of: 755 nm, 800-810 nm, and 1064 nm, thereby localizing thermal damage to said sebaceous gland.

2. The method of claim 1 ,

wherein pre-treating the skin surface to increase delivery of the nanoparticles to the sebaceous gland comprises at least one of the group consisting of hair removal, shaving, waxing, peeling, a fractionated photothermolysis laser treatment, cyanoacrylate surface peeling, a calcium thioglycolate treatment, a surface exfoliation, a mechanical exfoliation, a salt glow, a microdermabrasion, a chemical exfoliation, a chemical exfoliation with an enzyme, a chemical exfoliation with alphahydroxy acid, and a chemical exfoliation with betahydroxy acid;

wherein distributing the composition of nanoparticles in contact with the skin surface comprises distribution with at least one of the group consisting of an ultrasound device and a massage device;

wherein exposing the remaining portion of the composition of nanoparticles to the energy wavelength induces a surface plasmon in said nanoparticles,

wherein the composition is a cream or a gel.

3. The method of claim 1 ,

wherein distributing the composition of nanoparticles in contact with the skin surface comprises at least one of the group consisting of an ultrasound device and a massage device;

wherein exposing the composition of nanoparticles to the energy wavelength induces a surface plasmon in said nanoparticles.

4. The method of claim 1 ,

wherein the nanoparticles are nanoplates,

wherein the nanoparticles have an optical density of 10 O.D. to 5,000 O.D. within an infrared light range and the concentration is selected from the group consisting of: 10 11 , 10 12 , and 10 13 particles per ml of the composition; and

wherein exposing the composition of nanoparticles to the energy wavelength induces a surface plasmon in said nanoparticles.

5. The method of claim 1 ,

wherein distributing the composition of nanoparticles comprises distribution with at least one of the group consisting of an ultrasound device, a sonic force device, a massage device, a high pressure air flow device, a high pressure liquid flow device, and a vacuum device, and a dermabrasion device, and

wherein selectively removing the composition from the skin surface comprises using water or alcohol to remove the composition from the skin surface while leaving the composition localized at the sebaceous gland.

6. A method of treating acne, comprising:

topically applying a composition of nanoparticles to a skin surface,

wherein the nanoparticles comprise a conductive metal portion,

wherein the conductive metal portion comprises at least one of gold, silver, platinum,

wherein the nanoparticles comprise a coating that coats the conductive metal portion, wherein said coating facilitates selective removal from the skin surface;

wherein the nanoparticles are unassembled,

wherein the nanoparticles have a concentration selected from the group consisting of: 10 9 , 10 10 , 10 11 , 10 12 , and 10 13 particles per ml of the composition,

wherein said concentration is sufficient to, after exposure an energy wavelength, induce thermal damage in a sebaceous gland;

distributing a portion of the composition from the skin surface to the sebaceous gland while a remaining portion of the composition is left on the skin surface;

selectively removing the remaining portion of the composition from the skin surface; and

exposing the composition with an energy wavelength, thereby inducing a surface plasmon in said nanoparticles, thereby localizing thermal damage to said sebaceous gland.

7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the conductive metal portion comprises at least one of gold and silver, wherein the nanoparticles have a dimension in a range of 1-1,000 nm, wherein the energy wavelength is between 500 nm to 1200 nm.

8. The method of claim 6 , wherein the nanoparticles have a dimension in a range of 1-1,000 nm, wherein the nanoparticles comprise an optical density of 10 O.D. to 5,000 O.D. at an infrared peak absorption wavelength selected from the group consisting of: 755 nm, 800-810 nm, and 1064 nm.

9. The method of claim 6 ,

wherein the conductive metal portion is a silver nanoplate,

wherein the nanoplates have a dimension in a range of 10-100 nm, and

wherein the nanoparticles have a concentration selected from the group consisting of: 10 11 , 10 12 , and 10 13 particles per ml of the composition.

10. The method of claim 6 , further comprising:

pre-treating the skin surface, prior to exposing the composition with the energy wavelength, to increase distribution from the skin surface to the sebaceous gland, wherein pre-treating the skin surface comprises at least one of the group consisting of: hair removal, fractionated photothermolysis laser treatment, mechanical exfoliation, and chemical exfoliation.

11. The method of claim 6 , wherein distributing the composition of nanoparticles comprises distribution with at least one of the group consisting of an ultrasound device and a massage device.

12. The method of claim 6 , wherein the conductive metal portion is a nanoplate, and wherein the nanoplate has a peak absorption wavelength selected from the group consisting of:755 nm, 800-810 nm, and 1064 nm.

13. The method of claim 6 , wherein the conductive metal portion is a silver nanoplate, wherein the coating comprises any one of silica and polyethylene glycol (PEG), wherein the nanoplate has a dimension in a range of 100-250 nm.

14. The method of claim 6 , wherein the composition is a cream or a gel, wherein distributing the composition of nanoparticles comprises distribution with an ultrasound device.

15. A method of treating acne, comprising:

providing a composition of nanoparticles comprising a coating wherein the composition is configured for topical application to a skin surface, wherein the coating facilitates selective removal of the composition from the skin surface;

wherein the composition of nanoparticles has at least one peak absorption wavelength selected from the group consisting of: 755 nm, 800-810 nm, and 1064 nm,

wherein the nanoparticles have a concentration selected from the group consisting of: 10 9 , 10 10 , 10 11 , 10 12 , and 10 13 particles per ml of the composition, wherein the nanoparticles are unassembled,

wherein the nanoparticles comprise a conductive metal portion,

wherein the conductive metal portion comprises at least one of gold, silver, platinum,

wherein the coating coats the conductive metal portion;

targeting a sebaceous gland by redistributing a portion of the composition of nanoparticles from the skin surface to the sebaceous gland while a remaining portion of the composition is left on the skin surface;

selectively removing the remaining portion of the composition from the skin surface; and

exposing the composition of nanoparticles to an energy source to induce a surface plasmon in said nanoparticles, thereby localizing thermal damage to said sebaceous gland.

16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the concentration of the nanoparticles is selected from the group consisting of: 10 9 , 10 10 , 10 11 , and 10 12 particles per ml of the composition, and wherein the nanoparticles are plasmonic and have a dimension in a range of 1-1,000 nm.

17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the nanoparticles have an optical density of 10 O.D. to 5,000 O.D. within an infrared light range, and

wherein the coating is less conductive than the conductive metal portion.

18. The method of claim 15 , wherein the coating is semiconductive, wherein the conductive metal portion is inside the coating, and wherein the coating is less conductive than the conductive metal portion, and wherein the nanoparticles have a dimension in a range of 1-1,000 nm.

19. The method of claim 15 , wherein redistributing the composition of nanoparticles comprises distribution with at least one of a massage device and a low frequency ultrasound device configured for liquid microstreaming or bubble formation.

20. The method of claim 15 , wherein the conductive metal portion is a nanoplate comprising silver, wherein the coating comprises any one of silica and polyethylene glycol (PEG), and wherein the coating is less conductive than the conductive metal portion, wherein the nanoplate has a dimension in a range of 100-250 nm.