Chromium-free thermal spray composition, method, and apparatus
View Patent ↗A composition, method for depositing the composition on a downhole component, and a downhole tool. The composition includes about 0.25 wt % to about 1.25 wt % of carbon, about 1.0 wt % to about 3.5 wt % of manganese, about 0.1 wt % to about 1.4 wt % of silicon, about 1.0 wt % to about 3.0 wt % of nickel, about 0.0 to about 2.0 wt % of molybdenum, about 0.7 wt % to about 2.5 wt % of aluminum, about 1.0 wt % to about 2.7 wt % of vanadium, about 1.5 wt % to about 3.0 wt % of titanium, about 0.0 wt % to about 6.0 wt % of niobium, about 3.5 wt % to about 5.5 wt % of boron, about 0.0 wt % to about 10.0 wt % tungsten, and a balance of iron.
1. A downhole tool, comprising:
a layer of material extending outwards from a downhole tubular, wherein the layer of material comprises:
about 0.25 wt % to about 1.25 wt % of carbon;
about 1.0 wt % to about 3.5 wt % of manganese;
about 0.1 wt % to about 1.4 wt % of silicon;
about 1.0 wt % to about 3.0 wt % of nickel;
about 0.0 to about 2.0 wt % of molybdenum;
about 0.7 wt % to about 2.5 wt % of aluminum;
about 1.0 wt % to about 2.7 wt % of vanadium;
about 1.5 wt % to about 3.0 wt % of titanium;
about 0.0 wt % to about 6.0 wt % of niobium;
about 3.5 wt % to about 5.5 wt % of boron;
about 0.0 wt % to about 10.0 wt % tungsten; and
a balance of iron.
2. The tool of claim 1 , wherein the material comprises:
about 0.5 wt % to about 1.0 wt % of carbon;
about 1.5 wt % to about 2.5 wt % of manganese;
about 0.3 wt % to about 1.0 wt % of silicon;
about 1.5 wt % to about 2.5 wt % of nickel;
about 0.0 wt % to about 0.5 wt % of molybdenum;
about 1.5 wt % to about 2.0 wt % of aluminum;
about 1.5 wt % to about 2.1 wt % of vanadium;
about 1.8 wt % to about 2.8 wt % of titanium;
about 0.0 wt % to about 4.0 wt % of niobium;
about 4.0 wt % to about 5.0 wt % of boron;
about 0.0 wt % to about 3.0 wt % of tungsten; and
the balance being iron.
3. The tool of claim 1 , wherein the layer of material comprises a blade of a centralizer or a stabilizer, wherein the blade is coupled directly to the tubular.
4. The tool of claim 1 , wherein the layer of material forms a shoulder extending from the tubular, the shoulder being configured to engage and resist a movement of a downhole tool relative to the tubular.
5. The tool of claim 1 , wherein the layer of material comprises a coating on a downhole tool.
6. The tool of claim 1 , wherein the layer of material is defines a ramp-shaped outer surface and is positioned generally adjacent to an end of the tubular.
7. The tool of claim 6 , wherein the layer of material extends to a maximum outer diameter that is substantially the same as an outer diameter of a casing connection collar coupled with the end of the tubular.
8. The downhole tool of claim 1 , further comprising an anchor segment and a tool body positioned axially adjacent to the anchor segment, wherein the anchor segment comprises one or more windows, the layer of material being positioned in the one or more windows, and wherein a movement of the anchor segment with respect to the tubular is limited by the anchor segment engaging the layer of material.
9. The downhole tool of claim 8 , wherein the anchor segment and the tool body are integrally formed.
10. A downhole tool, comprising:
a first stop collar extending radially-outward from a tubular, wherein the first stop collar is at least partially made of a material comprising:
about 0.25 wt % to about 1.25 wt % of carbon;
about 1.0 wt % to about 3.5 wt % of manganese;
about 0.1 wt % to about 1.4 wt % of silicon;
about 1.0 wt % to about 3.0 wt % of nickel;
about 0.0 to about 2.0 wt % of molybdenum;
about 0.7 wt % to about 2.5 wt % of aluminum;
about 1.0 wt % to about 2.7 wt % of vanadium;
about 1.5 wt % to about 3.0 wt % of titanium;
about 0.0 wt % to about 6.0 wt % of niobium;
about 3.5 wt % to about 5.5 wt % of boron;
about 0.0 wt % to about 10.0 wt % tungsten; and
a balance of iron; and
a tool body positioned around the tubular, wherein the body is configured to move in a first axial direction with respect to the tubular until the tool body contacts the first stop collar.
11. The downhole tool of claim 10 , wherein the tool body comprises a centralizer or a stabilizer that comprises a blade.
12. The downhole tool of claim 11 , wherein the blade comprises a coating that is at least partially made of the material.
13. The downhole tool of claim 10 , further comprising a second stop collar extending radially-outward from the tubular, wherein the second stop collar is at least partially made of the material, wherein the tool body is positioned axially-between the first stop collar and the second stop collar, and wherein the tool body is configured to move in a second axial direction with respect to the tubular until the body contacts the second stop collar.
14. The downhole tool of claim 10 , wherein an outer surface of the first stop collar is tapered such that a diameter of the outer surface increases proceeding toward the tool body.
15. The downhole tool of claim 10 , wherein the tool body comprises two end collars with a plurality of ribs extending axially-therebetween, wherein the first stop collar is positioned axially-between the two end collars and radially-inward from the ribs, and wherein the body is configured to move in a second axial direction with respect to the tubular until the tool contacts the first stop collar.
16. A downhole tool, comprising:
a protrusion extending radially-outward from a tubular, wherein the protrusion is at least partially made of a material comprising:
about 0.25 wt % to about 1.25 wt % of carbon;
about 1.0 wt % to about 3.5 wt % of manganese;
about 0.1 wt % to about 1.4 wt % of silicon;
about 1.0 wt % to about 3.0 wt % of nickel;
about 0.0 to about 2.0 wt % of molybdenum;
about 0.7 wt % to about 2.5 wt % of aluminum;
about 1.0 wt % to about 2.7 wt % of vanadium;
about 1.5 wt % to about 3.0 wt % of titanium;
about 0.0 wt % to about 6.0 wt % of niobium;
about 3.5 wt % to about 5.5 wt % of boron;
about 0.0 wt % to about 10.0 wt % tungsten; and
a balance of iron; and
a tool body positioned around the tubular, wherein a movement of the tool body relative to the tubular is restricted by engagement with the protrusion.
17. The downhole tool of claim 16 , further comprising an anchor segment positioned around the tubular, wherein the anchor segment defines a window, wherein the protrusion extends radially-outward through the window, and wherein the anchor segment is configured to engage the tool body to limit a movement of the tool body with respect to the tubular.
18. The downhole tool of claim 17 , wherein the protrusion comprises a plurality of protrusions that are circumferentially-offset from one another, and wherein the window comprises a plurality of windows that are circumferentially-offset from one another, each of the plurality of windows having a protrusion therein.
19. The downhole tool of claim 17 , wherein the anchor segment prevents movement of the tool body with respect to the tubular in an axial direction, a circumferential direction, or both.
20. The downhole tool of claim 17 , wherein the protrusion is circumferentially smaller than the window such that the anchor segment, the tool body, or both are configured to move in a circumferential direction, an axial direction, or both with respect to the tubular.
21. The downhole tool of claim 17 , wherein an outer surface of the protrusion is tapered such that a diameter of the outer surface increases proceeding toward the tool body.