Process for producing geothermal power, selective removal of silica and iron from brines, and improved injectivity of treated brines
This invention relates to a method for producing geothermal power using geothermal brines while producing a reduced silica and iron brine having improved injectivity. The resulting compositions include a composition with reduced silica, iron, and lithium having reduced quantity of total suspended solids.
1. A method for reducing silica scale in geothermal brine injection wells and improving injectivity of a geothermal brine by selectively removing silica and iron from the geothermal brine, the method comprising the steps of:
obtaining a geothermal brine comprising silica and iron from a geothermal reservoir;
supplying the geothermal brine to a silica management process and an iron removal process to produce a treated geothermal brine having a silica content less than 20 ppm or an iron content less than 20 ppm; and
injecting the treated geothermal brine into the geothermal reservoir,
wherein the silica management process comprises:
reducing the temperature of the geothermal brine to less than about 150° C.;
forming an amorphous aluminosilicate precipitate by adding an aluminum halide to the geothermal brine after reducing the temperature of the geothermal brine; and
maintaining a pH of the geothermal brine between 4.0 and 5.5 during the silica management process.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the silica management process and the iron removal process are carried out as a single step.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the silica management process and the iron removal process are carried out as different steps.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the treated brine has an operation time at least 100% greater than an operation time of the geothermal brine.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the treated brine has an operation time at least 200% greater than an operation time of the geothermal brine.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the treated brine has an operation time at least 300% greater than an operation time of the geothermal brine.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the silica management process further comprises contacting the geothermal brine with activated alumina.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the silica management process comprises adding a base to the geothermal brine to maintain the pH from 5 to 5.5.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the pH is maintained from 5 to about 5.25.
10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising adding iron (III) hydroxide to the brine or oxidizing the brine to produce iron (III) in the brine.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the treated geothermal brine has an operation time at least 50% greater than an operation time of the geothermal brine.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the aluminum halide is aluminum chloride.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the aluminum halide added to the brine to the silica present in the brine is from about 0.5:1 to about 2:1.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein maintaining the pH comprises adding a base comprising sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, or calcium carbonate.
15. A method for reducing silica scale in geothermal brine injection wells and improving injectivity of a geothermal brine by selectively removing silica and iron from the geothermal brine, the method comprising the steps of:
obtaining a geothermal brine comprising silica and iron from a geothermal reservoir;
supplying the geothermal brine to a silica management process and to an iron management process to produce a treated brine having a lower silica content and a lower iron content relative to the geothermal brine; and
injecting the treated brine into the geothermal reservoir,
wherein the silica management process comprises:
reducing the temperature of the geothermal brine to less than about 150° C.;
forming an amorphous aluminosilicate precipitate by adding an aluminum halide to the geothermal brine after reducing the temperature of the geothermal brine; and
maintaining a pH of geothermal brine between 4.0 and 5.5 during the silica management process.
16. The method of claim 15 wherein the silica management process and the iron removal process are carried out as a single step.
17. The method of claim 15 wherein the silica management process and iron removal process are carried out as different steps.
18. The method of claim 15 wherein the treated brine has a total suspended solids of less than 30 ppm.
19. The method of claim 15 wherein the treated brine has a total suspended solids of less than 10 ppm.
20. The method of claim 15 , further comprising flashing the geothermal brine to produce and recover heat and energy therefrom and to produce a spent geothermal brine.
21. The method of claim 15 , wherein the silica management process further comprises contacting the geothermal brine with activated alumina.
22. The method of claim 15 , wherein the silica management process comprises adding a base to the geothermal brine to maintain the pH from 5 to 5.5.
23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the pH is maintained from 5 to about 5.25.
24. The method of claim 15 , further comprising adding iron (III) hydroxide to the brine or oxidizing the brine to produce iron (III) in the brine.
25. The method of claim 15 , wherein the treated brine has a total suspended solids of less than 60 ppm.
26. The method of claim 15 , wherein the aluminum halide is aluminum chloride.
27. The method of claim 15 , wherein the ratio of the aluminum halide added to the brine to the silica present in the brine is from about 0.5:1 to about 2:1.
28. The method of claim 15 , wherein maintaining the pH comprises adding a base comprising sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, or calcium carbonate.