Gas oil hydroprocess
A process for the hydroprocessing of a gas oil (GO) hydrocarbon feed to provide high yield of a diesel fraction. The process comprises a liquid-full hydrotreating reaction zone followed by a liquid-full hydrocracking reaction zone. A refining zone may be integrated with the hydrocracking reaction zone. Ammonia and other gases formed during the hydrotreatment are removed in a separation step prior to hydrocracking.
1. A process for hydroprocessing a gas oil, comprising:
(a) contacting a gas oil with hydrogen and optional first diluent to form a first liquid feed wherein hydrogen is dissolved in the first liquid feed;
(b) contacting the first liquid feed with a first catalyst in a liquid-full hydrotreating reaction zone to produce a first effluent;
(c) optionally recycling a portion of the first effluent for use as all or part of the first diluent in step (a);
(d) in a separation zone, separating dissolved gases from the portion of the first effluent not recycled in step (c) to produce a separated product;
(e) contacting the separated product with hydrogen and optional second diluent to form a second liquid feed, wherein hydrogen is dissolved in the second liquid feed;
(f) contacting the second liquid feed with a second catalyst in a liquid-full hydrocracking reaction zone to produce a second effluent;
(g) optionally recycling a portion of the second effluent for use as all or part of the second diluent in step (e); and
(h) in a refining zone downstream from the hydrocracking reaction zone, separating one or more refined products and a heavy oil fraction from the portion of the second effluent not recycled;
wherein the first catalyst is a hydrotreating catalyst and the second catalyst is a hydrocracking catalyst; and
wherein the heavy oil fraction is combined with the portion of the first effluent not recycled or with the separated product upstream of the hydrocracking zone.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein the heavy oil fraction is combined with the portion of the first effluent not recycled upstream of the separation zone.
3. The process of claim 1 wherein the heavy oil fraction is combined with the separated product downstream from the separation zone and upstream of the hydrocracking reaction zone.
4. The process of claim 1 further comprising recovering at least a diesel fraction from the refining zone.
5. The process of claim 1 wherein the second catalyst comprises a non-precious metal and an oxide support.
6. The process of claim 1 wherein the optional first diluent is used, and the first diluent consists of a portion of the first effluent with a first recycle ratio ranging from 1 to 10.
7. The process of claim 1 wherein the optional second diluent is used, and the second diluent consists of a portion of the second effluent with a second recycle ratio ranging from 1 to 10.
8. The process of claim 1 wherein the separation zone has a flash, a stripper, a fractionator, or a combination thereof, and the refining zone has a fractionator.
9. The process of claim 1 wherein the yield of the diesel fraction is at least about 70%.
10. The process of claim 1 wherein the yield of the naphtha fraction is no more than about 10%.
11. The process of claim 1 wherein the first effluent has a nitrogen content no more than about 10 wppm.
12. A process for hydroprocessing a gas oil, comprising:
(a) contacting a gas oil with hydrogen and optional first diluent to form a first liquid feed wherein hydrogen is dissolved in the first liquid feed;
(b) contacting the first liquid feed with a first catalyst in a liquid-full hydrotreating reaction zone to produce a first effluent;
(c) optionally recycling a portion of the first effluent for use as all or part of the first diluent in step (a);
(d) in a refining zone, separating dissolved gases, one or more refined products and a heavy oil fraction from a combined mixture;
(e) contacting the heavy oil fraction of step (d) with hydrogen and optional second diluent to form a second liquid feed, wherein hydrogen is dissolved in the second liquid feed;
(f) contacting the second liquid feed with a second catalyst in a liquid-full hydrocracking reaction zone to produce a second effluent; and
(g) optionally recycling a portion of the second effluent for use as all or part of the second diluent in step (e);
wherein the portion of the second effluent not recycled is combined with the portion of the first effluent not recycled upstream of the refining zone to form the combined mixture of step (d); and
wherein the first catalyst is a hydrotreating catalyst and the second catalyst is a hydrocracking catalyst.
13. The process of claim 12 further comprising recovering at least a diesel fraction from the refining zone.
14. The process of claim 12 wherein the second catalyst comprises a non-precious metal and an oxide support.
15. The process of claim 12 wherein the optional first diluent is used, and the first diluent consists of a portion of the first effluent with a first recycle ratio ranging from 1 to 10.
16. The process of claim 12 wherein the optional second diluent is used, and the second diluent consists of a portion of the second effluent with a second recycle ratio ranging from 1 to 10.
17. The process of claim 12 wherein the refining zone has a flash or a stripper, and a fractionator.
18. The process of claim 12 wherein the yield of the diesel fraction is at least about 70%.
19. The process of claim 12 wherein the yield of the naphtha fraction is no more than about 10%.
20. The process of claim 12 wherein the first effluent has a nitrogen content no more than about 10 wppm.