Modular air conditioning system
View Patent ↗A thermal energy storage system of a vehicle is disclosed. The thermal energy storage system includes a refrigerant circuit conveying a refrigerant therethrough. The refrigerant circuit includes an evaporator receives a flow of the refrigerant and a flow of air. The thermal energy storage system also includes a coolant circuit conveying a coolant therethrough. The coolant circuit includes a coolant heat exchanger disposed downstream from the evaporator with respect to a direction of the flow of air through the evaporator and an auxiliary heat exchanger receiving a flow of the coolant. The thermal energy storage system further includes a cold storage device in thermal communication with the coolant circuit and a WCAC in fluid communication with the auxiliary heat exchanger.
1. A thermal energy storage system of a vehicle comprising:
a refrigerant circuit conveying a refrigerant therethrough, the refrigerant circuit including an evaporator receiving a flow of the refrigerant therethrough and a flow of air therethrough;
a coolant circuit conveying a coolant therethrough, the coolant circuit including a coolant heat exchanger disposed downstream from the evaporator with respect to a direction of the flow of air through the evaporator and an auxiliary heat exchanger receiving a flow of the coolant therethrough, wherein the coolant circuit is in fluid communication with an engine of the vehicle;
a cold storage device in thermal communication with the coolant circuit, wherein the coolant circuit includes:
a thermal storage loop having a first segment in heat exchange communication with the cold storage device and a second segment in fluid communication with the auxiliary heat exchanger;
an engine bypass loop bypassing the second segment and having a bypass for forming a secondary engine bypass loop fluidly separate from the thermal storage loop;
a first flow diverter controlling the flow of coolant though the bypass and the engine bypass loop; and
a second flow diverter controlling the flow of the coolant through the thermal storage loop and through the engine bypass loop;
a water-cooled charge air cooler in fluid communication with the auxiliary heat exchanger; and
a heater core disposed downstream from the evaporator with respect to the direction of the flow of air through the evaporator.
2. The thermal energy storage system of claim 1 , wherein the coolant heat exchanger is integrally formed with the evaporator.
3. The thermal energy storage system of claim 1 , wherein the coolant heat exchanger is separate from the evaporator.
4. The thermal energy storage system of claim 1 , wherein the heater core is in fluid communication with the coolant circuit.
5. The thermal energy storage system of claim 1 , wherein the evaporator, the coolant heat exchanger, and the heater core are disposed in a housing.
6. The thermal energy storage system of claim 1 , wherein the coolant circuit is in fluid communication with the cold storage device.
7. The thermal energy storage system of claim 1 , wherein the cold storage device includes a phase change material.
8. The thermal energy storage system of claim 1 , wherein the coolant circuit includes a first valve disposed therein, the first valve configured to control the flow of the coolant through a portion of the thermal storage loop in thermal communication with the cold storage device.
9. The thermal energy storage system of claim 8 , wherein the coolant circuit includes a second valve disposed therein, the second valve configured to control the flow of the coolant to the auxiliary heat exchanger.
10. The method of claim 9 , further comprising the step of directing the flow of coolant through the heater core and the engine during at least one of a heating mode of the thermal energy storage system and a mixed-mode of the thermal energy storage system.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the evaporator, the coolant heat exchanger, and the heater core are disposed in a housing.
12. A method for operating a thermal energy storage system of a vehicle, comprising the steps of:
providing a refrigerant circuit conveying a refrigerant therethrough, the refrigerant circuit including an evaporator receiving a flow of the refrigerant therethrough and a flow of air therethrough;
disposing a coolant heat exchanger downstream from the evaporator with respect to a direction of the flow of air through the evaporator, the coolant heat exchanger receiving a flow of coolant therethrough;
transferring heat between the air and the coolant received by the coolant heat exchanger;
providing a coolant circuit in fluid communication with the coolant heat exchanger, the coolant circuit including a heater core disposed downstream from the evaporator with respect to the direction of the flow of air through the evaporator, an engine, and an auxiliary heat exchanger;
disposing a cold storage device in thermal communication with a portion of the coolant circuit;
wherein the coolant circuit further includes:
a thermal storage loop having a first segment in heat exchange communication with the cold storage device and a second segment in fluid communication with the auxiliary heat exchanger;
an engine bypass loop bypassing the second segment and having a bypass for forming a secondary engine bypass loop fluidly separate from the thermal storage loop;
a first flow diverter controlling the flow of coolant though the bypass and the engine bypass loop; and
a second flow diverter controlling the flow of the coolant through the thermal storage loop and through the engine bypass loop;
disposing a water-cooled charge air cooler in fluid communication with the auxiliary heat exchanger; and
directing the coolant to flow through at least one of the auxiliary heat exchanger, the heater core, and the engine.
13. The method of claim 12 , further comprising the steps of:
directing the coolant to flow through the portion of the coolant circuit in thermal communication with the cold storage device during a cooling mode of the thermal energy storage system; and
transferring heat between the cold storage device and the coolant during the cooling mode.
14. A method for operating a thermal energy storage system of a vehicle, comprising the steps of:
providing a refrigerant circuit conveying a refrigerant therethrough, the refrigerant circuit including an evaporator receiving a flow of the refrigerant therethrough and a flow of air therethrough;
disposing a coolant heat exchanger downstream from the evaporator with respect to a direction of the flow of air through the evaporator, the coolant heat exchanger receiving a flow of coolant therethrough;
transferring heat between the air and the coolant received by the coolant heat exchanger;
providing a coolant circuit in fluid communication with the coolant heat exchanger, the coolant circuit including a heater core disposed downstream from the evaporator with respect to the direction of the flow of air through the evaporator, an engine, and an auxiliary heat exchanger;
disposing a water-cooled charge air cooler in fluid communication with the auxiliary heat exchanger and a cold storage device in thermal communication with a portion of the coolant circuit;
wherein the coolant circuit further includes:
a thermal storage loop having a first segment in heat exchange communication with the cold storage device and a second segment in fluid communication with the auxiliary heat exchanger;
an engine bypass loop bypassing the second segment and having a bypass for forming a secondary engine bypass loop fluidly separate from the thermal storage loop;
a first flow diverter controlling the flow of coolant though the bypass and the engine bypass loop; and
a second flow diverter controlling the flow of the coolant through the thermal storage loop and through the engine bypass loop; and
directing the coolant to flow through at least one of the auxiliary heat exchanger, the portion of the coolant circuit in thermal communication with the cold storage device, the heater core, and the engine.