Method of preparing pregelatinized, partially hydrolyzed starch and related methods and products
Disclosed are methods relating to an extruded pregelatinized, partially hydrolyzed starch prepared by mixing at least water, non-pregelatinized starch, and acid to form a starch precursor. The acid can be a weak acid that substantially avoids chelating calcium ions or a strong acid in a small amount. In the method, pregelatinization and acid-modification of the starch precursor occurs in one step in an extruder. Also disclosed are methods of preparing board using the starch prepared according to the methods, as well as starches and boards prepared by various methods of the invention.
1. A method of making a pregelatinized, partially hydrolyzed starch comprising:
(a) mixing at least water, non-pregelatinized starch, and an acid having a pKa value from 3 to 6 that substantially avoids chelating calcium ions to make a wet starch precursor having a moisture content of from about 8 wt. % to about 25 wt. %;
(b) feeding the wet starch precursor into an extruder; and
(c) pregelatinizing and acid-modifying the wet starch precursor in the extruder at a die temperature of about 150° C. to about 210° C.,
wherein the pregelatinized, partially hydrolyzed starch is at least about 70% gelatinized, and wherein the pregelatinized, partially hydrolyzed starch has a cold water viscosity of from about 10 Brabender Unit (BU) to about 120 BU, wherein the cold water viscosity is determined for a 10% by weight solution of the starch at 25° C.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acid that substantially avoids chelating calcium ions comprises alum.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein tartaric acid is further included in the mixing to make the wet starch precursor.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the acid that substantially avoids chelating calcium ions is in an amount of from about 0.5 wt. % to about 5 wt. % of the non-pregelatinized starch.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pregelatinizing and acid-modifying occurs at a die temperature of from at least about 175° C. to about 205° C. in the extruder.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the output of the pregelatinized, partially hydrolyzed starch is at least about 100 kg/hr in the extruder.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pregelatinizing and acid-modifying occurs in less than about 5 minutes.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the pregelatinizing and acid-modifying occurs in less than about 1 minute.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method is free of purification and neutralization steps for the pregelatinized, acid-modified starch.
10. A pregelatinized, partially hydrolyzed starch prepared according to claim 1 .
11. A method of making board comprising:
(a) forming a pregelatinized, partially hydrolyzed starch by (i) mixing at least water, non-pregelatinized starch, and an acid to form a wet starch precursor having a moisture content of from about 8 wt. % to about 25 wt. %, the acid being an acid having a pKa value from 3 to 6 that substantially avoids chelating calcium ions;
(b) feeding the wet starch precursor into an extruder; and (iii) pregelatinizing and acid-modifying the wet starch precursor in the extruder having a die at a temperature of about 150° C. to about 210° C., wherein the pregelatinized, partially hydrolyzed starch is at least about 70% gelatinized and wherein the pregelatinized, partially hydrolyzed starch has a cold water viscosity of from about 10 Brabender Unit (BU) to about 120 BU, wherein the cold water viscosity is determined for a 10% by weight solution of the starch at 25° C.;
(c) mixing the pregelatinized and partially hydrolyzed starch with at least water and stucco to form a slurry;
(d) disposing the slurry between a first cover sheet and a second cover sheet to form a wet assembly;
(e) cutting the wet assembly into a board; and
(f) drying the board.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the board has a density of from about 21 pcf to about 35 pcf.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the slurry further comprises sodium trimetaphosphate.
14. A board prepared according to claim 11 .