Two-stage collapsible/expandable prosthetic heart valves and anchoring systems
Prosthetic heart valve apparatus is adapted for delivery into a patient in a circumferentially collapsed condition, followed by circumferential re-expansion at the implant site in the patient. The apparatus includes an annular anchoring structure that can be implanted in the patient first. The apparatus further includes an annular valve support structure, which supports a flexible leaflet structure of the valve. The support and leaflet structures are initially separate from the anchoring structure, but they can be implanted in the patient by interengagement of the support structure with the already-implanted anchoring structure.
1. A prosthetic valve, comprising:
a stent including a first stent section separable from a second stent section, the second stent section being adapted for engagement with the first stent section in assembled relationship, the stent having an expanded configuration and a collapsed configuration, the stent in the expanded configuration having a longitudinal axis, an inflow end and an outflow end, a first portion of the stent adjacent the inflow end tapering outwardly in a direction toward the inflow end, and a second portion of the stent between the first portion and the outflow end bulging radially outwardly; and
a valve assembly supported by the stent.
2. The prosthetic valve as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the valve assembly includes three leaflets.
3. The prosthetic valve as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the leaflets are formed from biological tissue.
4. The prosthetic valve as claimed in claim 2 , wherein the valve assembly further includes a fabric cuff positioned between the stent and the leaflets.
5. A prosthetic valve system, comprising:
a stent having an expanded configuration and a collapsed configuration, the stent in the expanded configuration having a longitudinal axis, an inflow end and an outflow end, a first portion of the stent adjacent the inflow end tapering outwardly in a direction toward the inflow end;
a valve structure separate from the stent and adapted for (1) delivery into a patient in the collapsed configuration separate from the stent and (2) expansion into engagement with the stent in the expanded configuration to form a prosthetic valve in an assembled condition, the valve structure including a valve assembly.
6. The prosthetic valve system as claimed in claim 5 , wherein a second portion of the stent between the first portion and the outflow end bulges radially outwardly.
7. The prosthetic valve system as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the second portion of the stent is positioned between a first axial distance from the inflow end and a second axial distance from the inflow end, the assembly including a plurality of commissure supports positioned between the first axial distance from the inflow end and the second axial distance from the inflow end.
8. The prosthetic valve system as claimed in claim 5 , wherein the valve assembly includes three leaflets.
9. The prosthetic valve system as claimed in claim 8 , wherein the three leaflets are formed from biological tissue.
10. A prosthetic valve, comprising:
a stent having an expanded configuration and a collapsed configuration, the stent in the expanded configuration having a longitudinal axis, an inflow end, an outflow end, a first portion adjacent the inflow end, a second portion adjacent the outflow end, and a middle portion between the first and second portions, the first portion in the expanded configuration having a first portion smallest circumference, the second portion in the expanded configuration having a second portion smallest circumference that is not equal to the first portion smallest circumference, and the middle portion in the expanded configuration having a largest circumference that is larger than the first portion smallest circumference and the second portion smallest circumference, the first portion tapering outwardly in a direction toward the inflow end; and
a valve assembly supported by the stent.
11. The prosthetic valve as claimed in claim 10 , wherein the first portion smallest circumference is less than the second portion smallest circumference.
12. A prosthetic valve, comprising:
a stent having an expanded configuration and a collapsed configuration, the stent in the expanded configuration having a longitudinal axis, an inflow end, an outflow end, a first portion adjacent the inflow end, a second portion adjacent the outflow end, and a middle portion between the first and second portions, the first portion in the expanded configuration having a first portion smallest circumference, the second portion in the expanded configuration having a second portion smallest circumference, and the middle portion in the expanded configuration having a largest circumference that is larger than the first portion smallest circumference and the second portion smallest circumference, the first portion tapering outwardly in a direction toward the inflow end, wherein an intersection of the first portion with the middle portion defines a first radius from the longitudinal axis, an intersection of the second portion with the middle portion defines a second radius from the longitudinal axis, and points in the middle portion have a radius from the longitudinal axis that is greater than the first radius and the second radius; and
a valve assembly supported by the stent.