Apparatus for flow-through of electric arcs
A flow-through electric arc system includes a chamber within an insulated sleeve having an anode at one end of the insulated sleeve and a cathode at a distal end of the insulated sleeve. Fluid flows from an inlet of the chamber, through the insulated sleeve where it is exposed to an electric arc formed between the anode and cathode, and then flows out of an outlet of the chamber. By way of increasing the flow rate of the fluid, bi-products that are released from a reaction of the fluid to the electric arc are flushed by the fluid and at least some of the bi-products are precluded from accumulating on either of the anode, cathode, or both.
1. A system for the production of a gas from a fluid, the system comprising:
an anode connected to a first polarity of power;
a cathode connected to a second, opposing polarity of power, the cathode separated from the anode by a gap, whereby a voltage differential between the anode and the cathode forms an arc there between;
a sleeve having a bore, the bore surrounding at least the gap between the anode and the cathode, the sleeve comprising of an electrical insulator, the bore forming a venturi that has a wider cross-sectional area at each end of the bore and a narrower cross-sectional area at a location of the gap;
an input port fluidly interfaced to a first end of the bore;
an output port fluidly interfaced to a second end of the bore;
means for flowing the fluid from the input port, through the bore of the sleeve, and out of the output port such that the fluid flows from an area around the anode to an area around the cathode or from the area around the cathode to the area around the anode; and
a vessel body made of a metallic material covering an outer surface of the sleeve;
whereas, at least some of the bi-products that are released from the fluid by the reaction are prevented from accumulating on either the anode or the cathode.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the bore within the venturi having the narrower cross-sectional area at a central area of the bore at the gap than at the first end of the bore and the second end of the bore, causes a velocity of the fluid through the central area of the bore greater than a velocity of the fluid at the first end of the bore.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein at least an end of the anode is positioned within the first end of the bore and at least an end of the cathode is positioned within the second end of the bore, and the gap between the anode and the cathode is positioned within a central area of the bore.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the fluid is carbon-based.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the sleeve is made of a material selected from the group consisting of ceramic, refractory, granite, zirconia, and alumina.
6. A system for the production of a gas from a carbon-based fluid, the system comprising:
an anode connected to a first polarity of power;
a cathode connected to a second, opposing polarity of power, the cathode separated from the anode by a gap, whereby a voltage differential between the anode and the cathode forms an arc there between;
a sleeve having a longitudinal bore, the longitudinal bore forming a venturi that has a smaller cross-sectional area at an area of the longitudinal bore surrounding the gap than at a first end of the longitudinal bore and a second end of the longitudinal bore, the longitudinal bore surrounding at least the gap between the anode and the cathode, the sleeve being made of a material that is an insulator of electricity;
a metallic material covering an outer surface of the sleeve;
an input port fluidly interfaced to the first end of the longitudinal bore at the anode;
an output port fluidly interfaced to the second end of the longitudinal bore at the cathode; and
a pump, the pump flowing the carbon-based fluid from the input port, through the longitudinal bore of the sleeve, and out of the output port; whereas, at least some of the carbon bi-products that are released from the carbon-based fluid by the reaction are prevented from accumulating on either of the anode or the cathode.
7. The system of claim 6 , wherein a velocity of the fluid through the area of the longitudinal bore is greater than a velocity of the fluid at the first end of the longitudinal bore.
8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the longitudinal bore within the sleeve is tapered having a first cross-sectional area at the central area of the longitudinal bore and at the second end of the longitudinal bore, and having a second cross-sectional area at the first end of the longitudinal bore wherein the first cross-sectional area is smaller than the second cross-sectional area, thereby the velocity of the fluid through the central area of the longitudinal bore is greater than the velocity of the fluid at the first end of the longitudinal bore.
9. The system of claim 7 , further comprising means to adjust the gap between the anode and the cathode.