Composition for solar cell electrodes and electrode fabricated using the same
A composition for solar cell electrodes includes a silver powder; a glass frit; and an organic vehicle, wherein the glass frit includes bismuth (Bi), tellurium (Te), and chromium (Cr).
1. A composition for solar cell electrodes, comprising:
a silver powder;
a glass frit; and
an organic vehicle,
wherein the glass frit includes bismuth (Bi), tellurium (Te), and chromium (Cr), and a mole ratio of chromium to tellurium in the glass frit ranges from about 1:1 to about 1:80.
2. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the glass frit further includes at least one element selected from lead (Pb), lithium (Li), zinc (Zn), tungsten (W), phosphorus (P), silicon (Si), magnesium (Mg), cesium (Ce), strontium (Sr), molybdenum (Mo), titanium (Ti), tin (Sn), indium (In), vanadium (V), barium (Ba), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), sodium (Na), potassium (K), antimony (Sb), germanium (Ge), gallium (Ga), calcium (Ca), arsenic (As), cobalt (Co), zirconium (Zr), manganese (Mn), aluminum (Al), and boron (B).
3. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the glass fit includes about 5 mol % to about 50 mol % of lead (Pb) based on a total weight of the glass frit.
4. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the glass frit is prepared from a mixture of metal oxides including about 5 wt % to about 30 wt % of bismuth oxide, about 40 wt % to about 80 wt % of tellurium oxide, about 1 wt % to about 15 wt % of chromium oxide, and about 1 wt % to about 50 wt % of a fourth metal oxide.
5. The composition as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the fourth metal oxide includes at least one metal oxide selected from lead (Pb), lithium (Li), zinc (Zn), tungsten (W), phosphorus (P), silicon (Si), magnesium (Mg), cesium (Ce), strontium (Sr), molybdenum (Mo), titanium (Ti), tin (Sn), indium (In), vanadium (V), barium (Ba), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), sodium (Na), potassium (K), antimony (Sb), germanium (Ge), gallium (Ga), calcium (Ca), arsenic (As), cobalt (Co), zirconium (Zr), manganese (Mn), aluminum (Al), and boron (B) oxides.
6. The composition as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the fourth metal oxide includes about 1 wt % to about 10 wt % of lithium oxide, about 1 wt % to about 10 wt % of zinc oxide, and about 1 wt % to about 10 wt % of tungsten oxide based on the total weight of the mixture of metal oxides.
7. The composition as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the fourth metal oxide includes about 15 wt % to about 50 wt % of lead oxide based on a total weight of the mixture of metal oxides.
8. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , including:
about 60 wt % to about 95 wt % of the silver powder;
about 0.5 wt % to about 20 wt % of the glass fit; and
about 1 wt % to about 30 wt % of the organic vehicle.
9. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the glass frit has an average particle diameter (D50) of about 0.1 μm to about 10 μm.
10. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising at least one additive selected from a dispersant, a thixotropic agent, a plasticizer, a viscosity stabilizer, an anti-foaming agent, a pigment, a UV stabilizer, an antioxidant, and a coupling agent.
11. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the organic vehicle includes a binder resin, the binder resin having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of about 30,000 g/mol to about 200,000 g/mol.
12. The composition as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the composition has a viscosity of about 100,000 cps to about 500,000 cps.
13. A solar cell electrode fabricated using the composition for solar cell electrodes as claimed in claim 1 .